2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-100564
    2',3'-cGAMP
    		99.95%
    2',3'-cGAMP (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP) is a endogenous cGAMP in mammalian cells. 2',3'-cGAMP binds to STING with a high affinity and is a potent inducer of interferon-β (IFNβ). 2',3'-cGAMP is produced in mammalian cells in response to DNA in the cytoplasm.
    2',3'-cGAMP
  • HY-108496
    Sphingosine-1-phosphate
    		99.54%
    Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an agonist of S1P1-5 receptors and a ligand of GPR3, GPR6 and GPR12. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is an intracellular second messenger and mobilizes Ca2+ as an extracellular ligand for G protein-coupled receptors. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is an important lipid mediator generated from Sphingomyelin (HY-113498) or other membrane phospholipids. Sphingosine-1-phosphate stimulates the DNA synthesis, cell proliferation and migration.
    Sphingosine-1-phosphate
  • HY-13067
    Celastrol
    		99.90%
    Celastrol (Tripterine;Tripterin) is a proteasome inhibitor which potently and preferentially inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome with IC50 of 2.5 μM. In addition, Celastrol is also an antibiotic with potent antimicrobial activity against standard and clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, inducing oxidative stress and inhibiting DNA synthesis by binding to P5CDH.
    Celastrol
  • HY-Y1750
    β-Aminopropionitrile
    		99.99%
    β-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) is a specific, irreversible and orally active lysyl oxidase (LOX) inhibitor. β-Aminopropionitrile targets the active site of LOX or LOXL isoenzymes.
    β-Aminopropionitrile
  • HY-B0228
    Adenosine
    		99.86%
    Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation.
    Adenosine
  • HY-100599
    Urolithin A
    		99.82%
    Urolithin A, a gut-microbial metabolite of ellagic acid, exerts anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antioxidant properties. Urolithin A induces autophagy and apoptosis, suppresses cell cycle progression, and inhibits DNA synthesis.
    Urolithin A
  • HY-B1204
    Histamine
    		99.99%
    Histamine is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma.
    Histamine
  • HY-P0201
    Substance P
    		99.82%
    Substance P (Neurokinin P) is a neuropeptide, acting as a neurotransmitter and as a neuromodulator in the CNS. The endogenous receptor for substance P is neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor, NK1R).
    Substance P
  • HY-15027
    5-Aminosalicylic Acid
    		99.97%
    5-Aminosalicylic acid (Mesalamine) acts as a specific PPARγ agonist and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB. 5-Aminosalicylic acid can inhibit the activity of osteopontin (OPN).
    5-Aminosalicylic Acid
  • HY-17363
    Dimethyl fumarate
    		99.95%
    Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research.
    Dimethyl fumarate
  • HY-76847
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid
    		99.93%
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid
  • HY-16637
    Folic acid
    		99.40%
    Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is a orally active essential nutrient from the B complex group of vitamins. Folic acid shows antidepressant-like effect. Folic acid sodium reduces the risk of neonatal neural tube defects. Folic acid can be used to the research of megaloblastic and macrocytic anemias due to folic deficiency.
    Folic acid
  • HY-W010918
    Adenosine 5'-diphosphate
    		98.90%
    Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (Adenosine diphosphate) is a nucleoside diphosphate. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate is the product of ATP dephosphorylation by ATPases. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate induces human platelet aggregation and inhibits stimulated adenylate cyclase by an action at P2T-purinoceptors.
    Adenosine 5'-diphosphate
  • HY-112005
    DOPE
    		98.80%
    DOPE (Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine) is a neutral helper lipid for cationic liposome and combines with cationic phospholipids to improve transfection efficiency of naked siRNA.
    DOPE
  • HY-B0399
    L-Carnitine
    		99.96%
    L-Carnitine ((R)-Carnitine), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism.
    L-Carnitine
  • HY-B1449
    Uridine
    		99.98%
    Uridine (β-Uridine) is a nucleoside compound composed of uracil and a ribose ring, which are connected by a β-N1-glycosidic bond.
    Uridine
  • HY-B0172
    Lithocholic acid
    		99.96%
    Lithocholic acid is a toxic secondary bile acid that can promote intrahepatic cholestasis and promote tumorigenesis. Lithocholic acid is also a FXR antagonist and a PXR/SXR agonist.
    Lithocholic acid
  • HY-N1201
    Apigenin
    		99.22%
    Apigenin (4',5,7-Trihydroxyflavone) is a competitive CYP2C9 inhibitor with a Ki of 2 μM.
    Apigenin
  • HY-B0660
    Eicosapentaenoic Acid
    		99.86%
    Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) is an orally active Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 LC-PUFA). Eicosapentaenoic Acid exhibits a DNA demethylating action that promotes the re-expression of the tumor suppressor gene CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ). Eicosapentaenoic Acid activates RAS/ERK/C/EBPβ pathway through H-Ras intron 1 CpG island demethylation in U937 leukemia cells. Eicosapentaenoic Acid can promote relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells and vasodilation.
    Eicosapentaenoic Acid
  • HY-D0886
    β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate
    		99.81%
    β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate is a bioactive endogenous metabolite and a phosphatase inhibitor. β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate plays an important role in inducing and maintaining osteoblast differentiation, mineral metabolism and signal transduction, and can be used as a drug carrier to form heat-sensitive hydrogels. β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate accelerates the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells.
    β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity