2. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Autophagy Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Autophagy Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Adenosine

Adenosine  (Synonyms: Adenine riboside; D-Adenosine)

Cat. No.: HY-B0228 Purity: 99.96%
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Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation.

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Adenosine

Adenosine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 58-61-7

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Based on 17 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Adenosine:

Adenosine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Adenosine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Med. 2016 Sep;38(3):969-75.  [Abstract]

    Effects of Adenosine and CGS21680 on CD39 and CD73 expression. (A) Adenosine and CGS21680 promote the expression of CD39. (B) Adenosine and CGS21680 promote the expression of CD73. GAPDH is used as an internal reference.

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation[1][2].

    IC50 & Target

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    Microbial Metabolite

     

    In Vitro

    Adenosine (Adenine riboside) acts on four G-protein coupled receptors: two of them, A1 and A3, are primarily coupled to Gi family G proteins; and two of them, A2A and A2B, are mostly coupled to Gs like G proteins. These receptors are antagonized by xanthines including caffeine. Via these receptors it affects many cells and organs, usually having a cytoprotective function[2].
    Adenosine is an extracellular signaling molecule that is generated from its precursor molecules 5’-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 5’-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)[3].
    Adenosine is a common metabolite of ATP, which exhibits cytotoxic effects at high concentrations.Adenosine (1.0-4.0 mM; 12-24 hours) inhibits cell viability and triggers ER stress in HepG2 cells[4].
    Adenosine induces apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. Adenosine (2.0 mM; 12-24 hours) induces autophagy in HepG2 cells. In HepG2 cell lines, Adenosine -induced AMPK/mTOR pathway activation partially blocked ER stress and decreased apoptotic cell death[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Adenosine Related Antibodies
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    267.24

    Formula

    C10H13N5O4
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    NC1=C(N=CN2[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)C2=NC=N1
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 1 year
    -20°C 6 months
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (124.72 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : ≥ 6.67 mg/mL (24.96 mM)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.7420 mL 18.7098 mL 37.4195 mL
    5 mM 0.7484 mL 3.7420 mL 7.4839 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 6.67 mg/mL (24.96 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.96%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (253 KB) HNMR (132 KB) RP-HPLC (253 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 3.7420 mL 18.7098 mL 37.4195 mL 93.5489 mL
    5 mM 0.7484 mL 3.7420 mL 7.4839 mL 18.7098 mL
    10 mM 0.3742 mL 1.8710 mL 3.7420 mL 9.3549 mL
    15 mM 0.2495 mL 1.2473 mL 2.4946 mL 6.2366 mL
    20 mM 0.1871 mL 0.9355 mL 1.8710 mL 4.6774 mL
    DMSO 25 mM 0.1497 mL 0.7484 mL 1.4968 mL 3.7420 mL
    30 mM 0.1247 mL 0.6237 mL 1.2473 mL 3.1183 mL
    40 mM 0.0935 mL 0.4677 mL 0.9355 mL 2.3387 mL
    50 mM 0.0748 mL 0.3742 mL 0.7484 mL 1.8710 mL
    60 mM 0.0624 mL 0.3118 mL 0.6237 mL 1.5591 mL
    80 mM 0.0468 mL 0.2339 mL 0.4677 mL 1.1694 mL
    100 mM 0.0374 mL 0.1871 mL 0.3742 mL 0.9355 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Adenosine Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Adenosine58-61-7Adenine riboside D-AdenosineNucleoside Antimetabolite/AnalogAutophagyApoptosisEndogenous MetaboliteGPCRendogenousneuronalvascularplateletaggregationbloodcellregulationInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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