2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
  4. Lipoic acid

Lipoic acid  (Synonyms: (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid; R-(+)-Thioctic acid)

Cat. No.: HY-18733 Purity: 99.56%
SDS
COA
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Lipoic acid Chemical Structure

Lipoic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1200-22-2

Size Price Stock Quantity
Free Sample (0.1 - 0.5 mg)   Apply Now  
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
500 mg In-stock
1 g   Get quote  
5 g   Get quote  

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Customer Review

Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Lipoic acid:

Lipoic acid Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

IC50 & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is the form biosynthesized in humans which is essential for aerobic metabolism. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is the nutritionally and therapeutically preferred form due to its "vitamin-like" role in metabolism. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) and S-(-)-α-Lipoic acid) constitute the racemic mixture Lipoic acid. Only the Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) exists in nature and is an essential cofactor of four mitochondrial enzyme complexes. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) has been suggested to be nutritionally and therapeutically preferred form as antioxidant[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Lipoic acid Related Antibodies
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

206.33

Formula

C8H14O2S2
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

O=C(O)CCCC[C@H]1SSCC1
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (484.66 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.8466 mL 24.2330 mL 48.4660 mL
5 mM 0.9693 mL 4.8466 mL 9.6932 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.12 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.12 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  50% PEG300    50% Saline

    Solubility: 10 mg/mL (48.47 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  20% SBE-β-CD in Saline

    Solubility: 25 mg/mL (121.17 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.56%

SDS (394 KB)

COA (243 KB) LCMS (254 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 4.8466 mL 24.2330 mL 48.4660 mL 121.1651 mL
5 mM 0.9693 mL 4.8466 mL 9.6932 mL 24.2330 mL
10 mM 0.4847 mL 2.4233 mL 4.8466 mL 12.1165 mL
15 mM 0.3231 mL 1.6155 mL 3.2311 mL 8.0777 mL
20 mM 0.2423 mL 1.2117 mL 2.4233 mL 6.0583 mL
25 mM 0.1939 mL 0.9693 mL 1.9386 mL 4.8466 mL
30 mM 0.1616 mL 0.8078 mL 1.6155 mL 4.0388 mL
40 mM 0.1212 mL 0.6058 mL 1.2117 mL 3.0291 mL
50 mM 0.0969 mL 0.4847 mL 0.9693 mL 2.4233 mL
60 mM 0.0808 mL 0.4039 mL 0.8078 mL 2.0194 mL
80 mM 0.0606 mL 0.3029 mL 0.6058 mL 1.5146 mL
100 mM 0.0485 mL 0.2423 mL 0.4847 mL 1.2117 mL
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Lipoic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Lipoic acid1200-22-2(R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acidR-(+)-Thioctic acidMitochondrial MetabolismEndogenous MetaboliteReactive Oxygen SpeciesInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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