20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2

Name: 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-N1401
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-N1401 Purity: ≥98.0%: Data Sheet
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20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 is an orally active protopanaxadiol-type saponin with multiple biological activities. 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 exerts a significant inhibitory effect on non-small cell lung cancer and liver cancer by inducing cell cycle arrest and promoting apoptosis. 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 exerts anti-γ-herpesvirus effects by inhibiting viral DNA replication. 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits inflammatory mediators by reducing the levels of NO, PGE2, and ROS; it can delay skin photoaging by reducing ROS and inhibiting MMP-9/2 activity. 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 accelerates the recovery after muscle injury by activating the Akt1/PKB signaling pathway. 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 can inhibit osteoclast formation and exert an anti-osteoporosis effect.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 112246-15-8

Size	Stock	Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
1 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
5 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
25 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
100 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2:

20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (Standard) Get quote

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2

•Sci Adv. 2023 Jan 20;9(3):eadd3867. [Abstract]

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MMP-1 MMP-2 MMP-3 MMP-8 MMP-9 MMP-13 MMP-14 MMP-17 ADAM10 ADAM17 MMP-7 MMP-12 MMP-10 MMP ADAM8

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HSV-1 HSV-2 HSV

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nNOS iNOS eNOS

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DP EP FP IP TXA₂/TP TXB₂

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Akt Akt1 Akt2 Akt3

Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]^[5]

MMP9

MMP2

Akt1

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
DU-145	IC₅₀	38 μM Compound: Rh2	Antiproliferative activity against human DU-145 cells incubated for 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human DU-145 cells incubated for 3 days	[PMID: 32702586]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	19.6 μM Compound: Rh2	Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay	[PMID: 32702586]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	35 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of cell death in human HCT-116 cells incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue staining based analysis Induction of cell death in human HCT-116 cells incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue staining based analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
HeLa	IC₅₀	2.52 μg/mL Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HeLa cells incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis Induction of apoptosis in human HeLa cells incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
HepG2	IC₅₀	1.648 μg/mL Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 72 hrs Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 72 hrs	[PMID: 32702586]
HepG2	IC₅₀	100 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
HepG2	IC₅₀	129.2 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 beta-catenin cells incubated for 48 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 beta-catenin cells incubated for 48 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
HepG2	IC₅₀	42.12 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 24 hrs Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 24 hrs	[PMID: 32702586]
HepG2	IC₅₀	58.12 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 72 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 cells incubated for 72 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
HepG2	IC₅₀	83.33 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 beta-catenin cells incubated for 72 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis Induction of apoptosis in human HepG2 beta-catenin cells incubated for 72 hrs by PI/Annexin V-FITC analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
HL-60	IC₅₀	25.59 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human HL-60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay Induction of apoptosis in human HL-60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 32702586]
HL-60	IC₅₀	38 μM Compound: Rh2	Cytotoxicity against human HL-60 cells measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HL-60 cells measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 32702586]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	35 μM Compound: Rh2	Inhibition of proliferation in human Jurkat cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay Inhibition of proliferation in human Jurkat cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 32702586]
K562	IC₅₀	60 μM Compound: Rh2	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 32702586]
Kasumi 1	IC₅₀	60.06 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human Kasumi 1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay Induction of apoptosis in human Kasumi 1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 32702586]
KG-1	IC₅₀	60 μM Compound: Rh2	Cytotoxicity against human KG-1 alpha cells incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay Cytotoxicity against human KG-1 alpha cells incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 32702586]
LNCaP	IC₅₀	17 μM Compound: Rh2	Antiproliferative activity against human LNCaP cells incubated for 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human LNCaP cells incubated for 3 days	[PMID: 32702586]
PC-3	IC₅₀	35 μM Compound: Rh2	Antiproliferative activity against human PC-3 cells incubated for 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human PC-3 cells incubated for 3 days	[PMID: 32702586]
SK-HEP1	IC₅₀	3.15 μg/mL Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human SK-HEP1 cells incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis Induction of apoptosis in human SK-HEP1 cells incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
SW480	IC₅₀	35 μM Compound: Rh2	Induction of cell death in human SW480 cells incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue staining based analysis Induction of cell death in human SW480 cells incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue staining based analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
SW480	IC₅₀	4.06 μg/mL Compound: Rh2	Induction of apoptosis in human SW480 cells incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis Induction of apoptosis in human SW480 cells incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence microscopic analysis	[PMID: 32702586]
U-937	IC₅₀	38 μM Compound: Rh2	Cytotoxicity against human U-937 cells measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human U-937 cells measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 32702586]

In Vitro

20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (0-50 μM, 24 h) is capable of suppressing the production of NO, PGE2, ROS and MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) but does not modulate the gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) induced by LPS (HY-D1056) in the RAW264.7 macrophage cells^[1].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (0-25 μM, 24 h) decreases the ROS level (but unable to modulate the NO), inhibits the gelatinolytic activity of both MMP-9 and MMP-2 in the non-stimulated HaCat cells and exhibits no cytotoxicity on HaCat cells^[1].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (0-200 μg/mL, 24 h-28 d) inhibits the proliferation and colony formation in 95D and NCI-H460 cells and induces apoptosis in both cells^[3].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (50-100 μg/mL, 48 h) mediates cell cycle arrest in G1/S phase of 95D cells and cell cycle arrest in G2 phase of NCI‑H460 cells^[3].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (0-100 μM, 72 h) significantly inhibits murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) proliferation (IC₅₀ = 2.77 μM) by inhibiting the replication of MHV-68 after entry into the NIH-3T3 cells and inhibits lytic replication of human gammaherpesvirus herpesvirus (KSHV)-positive cell line BC3^[4].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (5-10 μg/mL, 72 h) increases C2C12 murine myoblasts and inhibits primary rat cardiomyocytes proliferation by activating Akt/PKB signaling and suppresses expression of p27^Kip1 and p57^KIP2^[5].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 exhibits inhibition of osteoclast formation with an IC₅₀ of 12 μM and shows no inhibition of osteoclast proliferation^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:	HaCat cells
Concentration:	0, 0.2, 1, 5 and 25 μM
Incubation Time:	24 h
Result:	Observed the reduction of MMP-9 and MMP-2 gelatinolytic activity. Inhibited TNF-a-induced MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity.

Cell Proliferation Assay^[3]

Cell Line:	95D and NCI-H460 cells
Concentration:	0, 50, 100, 200 µg/mL
Incubation Time:	24, 48 and 72 h
Result:	Exhibited the IC₅₀s of 1006.15, 491.46 and 596.81 µg/mL at 24, 48 and 72 h against 95D cells. Exhibited the IC₅₀s of 386,77, 783,49 and 368,32 µg/mL at 24, 48 and 72 h against NCI-H460 cells.

Cell Cycle Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:	95D and NCI-H460 cells
Concentration:	50 and 100 µg/mL
Incubation Time:	48 h
Result:	Increased the accumulation rate of 95D cells in S phase from 34.70% to 43.05% and that of NCI‑H460 cells in S phase is 3.64% to 22.94% at 100 µg/mL.

Apoptosis Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:	95D and NCI-H460 cells
Concentration:	50 and 100 µg/mL
Incubation Time:	48 h
Result:	Had the maximum total apoptosis rate of 21.67% in 95D cells and NCI‑H460 cells total apoptosis rate was 27.30%. The number of nuclear fragmentation (apoptotic bodies) has significantly increased.

RT-PCR^[4]

Cell Line:	NIH-3T3 cells infected MHV-68
Concentration:	100 µM
Incubation Time:	72 h
Result:	Reduced the mRNA expression of the viral lysate gene RTA. Reduced the expression of the RTA (key gene during the lytic phase) and ORF56 (gene related to DNA synthesis).

Western Blot Analysis^[4]

Cell Line:	NIH-3T3 cells infected MHV-68
Concentration:	100 µM
Incubation Time:	72 h
Result:	Significantly decreased the expression of the late viral protein ORF45 (capsid protein) and M9.

Immunofluorescence^[5]

Cell Line:	C2C12 murine myoblasts
Concentration:	5 and 10 µg/mL
Incubation Time:	72 h
Result:	Selectively enhanced myoblast proliferation (BrdU of human primary cells increased by 35%). Inhibited the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CdF).

RT-PCR^[5]

Cell Line:	C2C12 myoblast cells and primary rat cardiomyocytes
Concentration:	5 µg/mL
Incubation Time:	72 h
Result:	Significantly downregulated p27^Kip1 and p57^Kip2 mRNA in C2C12 myoblast cells. Downregulated p27^Kip1 and showed no change on p57^Kip2 in primary rat cardiomyocytes.

Western Blot Analysis^[5]

Cell Line:	C2C12 myoblast cells and primary rat cardiomyocytes
Concentration:	5 and 10 µg/mL
Incubation Time:	72 h
Result:	Significantly increased Akt phosphorylation in C2C12 myoblast cells. Consistented with the mRNA results.

In Vivo

20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (2-6 mg/kg, p.o., once daily, for 10 days) exerts a significant anti-tumor effect by down-regulating Bcl-2 to induce apoptosis in tumor cells in hepatoma mice model^[2].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (2 mg/kg, i.p., once daily, for 7 days) promotes the proliferation of cardiac muscle cells and improves cardiac function in myocardial infarction rats model^[5].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (2 mg/kg, i.p., once daily, for 7-14 days) accelerates the regeneration of skeletal muscles and reduces fibrosis in skeletal muscle degeneration mice model^[5].
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (5 μg/mL) enhances cardiomyocyte proliferation in the zebrafish^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Myocardial infarction model established in adult male 8-week-old Sprague Dawley rats (weight range 230-250 g)^[5]
Dosage:	2 mg/kg
Administration:	Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once daily, for 7 days
Result:	Increased ejection fraction (EF) by 28%, left ventricular wall thickness increased, and scar area decreased.

Animal Model:	Hepatoma model established in female H22 hepatoma-bearing mice (18-22g)^[2]
Dosage:	2, 3, 4, 6mg/kg
Administration:	Oral administration (p.o.), once daily for 10 days
Result:	Significantly inhibited tumor growth, and the weight of the mice remained stable. The number of nuclear divisions decreased, the area of necrosis increased, and apoptotic-like cells (with nuclear shrinkage and fragmentation) were significantly present. Significantly downregulated the expression of Bcl-2, Bax/Bak/Bcl-xL, but no significant change was observed.

Animal Model:	Skeletal muscle degeneration model established in 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice (weight range 23-25 g) ^[5]
Dosage:	2 mg/kg
Administration:	Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once daily, for 7 and 14 days
Result:	Observed a large number of central nuclear myofibers (indicative of new formation) with their diameters significantly increased compared to the control group during 7 days treatment. The number of inflammatory cells decreased by 50% during 7 days treatment. Arranged more closely in the muscle fibers, reduced the scar area, and the swimming time remained stable during 14 days treatment.

Molecular Weight

622.87

Formula

C₃₆H₆₂O₈

CAS No.

112246-15-8

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@]4([H])C[C@@H](O)[C@@H]5[C@@H]([C@](C)(O)CC/C=C(C)\C)CC[C@](C)5[C@@](C)4CC[C@@]3([H])C2(C)C

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (200.68 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	1.6055 mL	8.0274 mL	16.0547 mL
5 mM	0.3211 mL	1.6055 mL	3.2109 mL
10 mM	0.1605 mL	0.8027 mL	1.6055 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

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Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (290 KB) SDS (252 KB)

COA (251 KB) HNMR (283 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Choi WY, et al. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory properties of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 in cultured macrophages and keratinocytes. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2013 Feb;65(2):310-6. [Content Brief]

[2]. Lv Q, et al. Antitumoral Activity of (20R)- and (20S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 on Transplanted Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice. Planta Med. 2016 May;82(8):705-11. [Content Brief]

[3]. Liu X, et al. Comparative study on the antitumour activity of 20 (R)-ginsenoside Rh2 and 20 (S)-ginsenoside Rh2 from Panax ginseng against non-small cell lung cancer in vitro[J]. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2022, 18(80).

[4]. Kim AR, et al. Screening ginseng saponins in progenitor cells identifies 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 as an enhancer of skeletal and cardiac muscle regeneration. Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 18;10(1):4967. [Content Brief]

[5]. Kang S, et al. Antiviral activity of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 against murine gammaherpesvirus. J Ginseng Res. 2017 Oct;41(4):496-502. [Content Brief]

[6]. Liu J, et al. 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2, not 20(S), is a selective osteoclastgenesis inhibitor without any cytotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jun 15;19(12):3320-3. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	1.6055 mL	8.0274 mL	16.0547 mL	40.1368 mL
	5 mM	0.3211 mL	1.6055 mL	3.2109 mL	8.0274 mL
	10 mM	0.1605 mL	0.8027 mL	1.6055 mL	4.0137 mL
	15 mM	0.1070 mL	0.5352 mL	1.0703 mL	2.6758 mL
	20 mM	0.0803 mL	0.4014 mL	0.8027 mL	2.0068 mL
	25 mM	0.0642 mL	0.3211 mL	0.6422 mL	1.6055 mL
	30 mM	0.0535 mL	0.2676 mL	0.5352 mL	1.3379 mL
	40 mM	0.0401 mL	0.2007 mL	0.4014 mL	1.0034 mL
	50 mM	0.0321 mL	0.1605 mL	0.3211 mL	0.8027 mL
	60 mM	0.0268 mL	0.1338 mL	0.2676 mL	0.6689 mL
	80 mM	0.0201 mL	0.1003 mL	0.2007 mL	0.5017 mL
	100 mM	0.0161 mL	0.0803 mL	0.1605 mL	0.4014 mL