2. Academic Validation
  3. CPK12 decodes effector-triggered calcium signaling and phosphorylates PIP2;1 to facilitate apoplastic ROS transport into the cytoplasm in Arabidopsis

CPK12 decodes effector-triggered calcium signaling and phosphorylates PIP2;1 to facilitate apoplastic ROS transport into the cytoplasm in Arabidopsis

  • Mol Plant. 2025 Oct 6;18(10):1724-1741. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.08.018.
Zhiyi Jia 1,  Weiwei Yu 2,  Xijie Guo 1,  Jianwei Li 1,  Fan Qi 2,  Yayun Zhu 1,  Xinzhong Cai 1,  Xiaoting Li 3,  Ning Li 3,  Hansong Dong 4,  Fucheng Lin 5,  Yan Liang 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
  • 2 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
  • 3 Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • 4 College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
  • 5 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China. Electronic address: fuchenglin@zju.edu.cn.
  • 6 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: yanliang@zju.edu.cn.
PMID: 40908644 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.08.018
Abstract

Effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in Plants is mediated by intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs), which converge on calcium (CA2+) signaling pathways. However, how NLR-induced CA2+ signals initiate downstream immune responses, such as enhancing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) signaling, remains largely unclear. In this study, we identified a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) that regulates sustained ROS signaling during ETI. We found that, upon Infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 (avrRpm1), CPK12 is activated in a CA2+-dependent manner and governs the transport of ETI-ROS from the apoplast to cytoplasm. Both in vitro and in vivo phosphorylation assays revealed that CPK12 phosphorylates the plasma membrane intrinsic protein PIP2;1, thereby enhancing ROS transport and elevating plant resistance to Pst DC3000 (avrRpm1). Taken together, our findings demonstrate that CPK12 deciphers effector-triggered CA2+ signals to regulate ROS compartmentalization, establishing a crucial link between NLR-mediated CA2+ signaling and the spatial control of ROS responses in plant immunity.

Keywords

CPK; NADPH oxidase; ROS production; calcium signal; plant immunity.

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