Monomelittoside and Dichotomoside D from bark extract of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. inhibits dental caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans

Dental caries advances to be a significant global health concern, primarily attributed to the virulent actions of Streptococcus mutans. The Antibacterial property of the bark extract of Alstonia scholaris was assessed using standard disc diffusion assays, which revealed significant inhibition of S. mutans. Subsequently, we determined the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) revealed potent Antibacterial activity of bark extract against S. mutans, at MIC and MBC values 62.5 and 125 µg/mL, respectively and antibiofilm activity at 125 µg/mL. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays showed no adverse effects on mammalian cells. Moreover, we employed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify bioactive compounds in the bark extract and revealed the presence of major active compounds as Monomelittoside and Dichotomoside D effective in targeting the S. mutans. These findings showed that, the promising Antibacterial efficacy of Monomelittoside and Dichotomoside D, highlighting their potential as natural therapeutics for combating dental caries.

Dichotomoside D; Monomelittoside; Streptococcus mutans; dental caries, antibacterial activity.