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  3. Hydrogen peroxide in breast milk is crucial for gut microbiota formation and myelin development in neonatal mice

Hydrogen peroxide in breast milk is crucial for gut microbiota formation and myelin development in neonatal mice

  • Gut Microbes. 2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2359729. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2359729.
Jun Kambe 1,  Kento Usuda 1,  Ryo Inoue 2,  Kazuhiko Hirayama 3,  Masahiko Ito 4,  Ken Suenaga 1,  Sora Masukado 1,  Hong Liu 1,  Shiho Miyata 1,  Chunmei Li 5,  Ikuo Kimura 6,  Yuki Yamamoto 1,  Kentaro Nagaoka 1
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 2 Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.
  • 3 Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 4 Department of Virology and Parasitology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.
  • 5 College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
  • 6 Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
PMID: 38816999 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2359729
Abstract

Early life environment influences mammalian brain development, a growing area of research within the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease framework, necessitating a deeper understanding of early life factors on children's brain development. This study introduces a mouse model, LAO1 knockout mice, to investigate the relationship between breast milk, the gut microbiome, and brain development. The results reveal that breast milk's Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are vital in shaping the neonatal gut microbiota. Decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in milk disrupt the gut microbiome and lead to abnormal metabolite production, including D-glucaric acid. This metabolite inhibits hippocampal myelin formation during infancy, potentially contributing to behavioral abnormalities observed in adulthood. These findings suggest that H2O2 in breast milk is crucial for normal gut microbiota formation and brain development, with implications for understanding and potentially treating neurodevelopmental disorders in humans.

Keywords

Gut-brain axis; behavior; brain development; metabolites; microbiome; myelin.

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