2. Academic Validation
  3. GM-CSF Promotes Antitumor Immunity by Inducing Th9 Cell Responses

GM-CSF Promotes Antitumor Immunity by Inducing Th9 Cell Responses

  • Cancer Immunol Res. 2019 Mar;7(3):498-509. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0518.
Il-Kyu Kim 1 2,  Choong-Hyun Koh 1,  Insu Jeon 2,  Kwang-Soo Shin 1,  Tae-Seung Kang 2,  Eun-Ah Bae 2,  Hyungseok Seo 2,  Hyun-Ja Ko 3 4,  Byung-Seok Kim 5,  Yeonseok Chung 5,  Chang-Yuil Kang 6 2
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Laboratory of Immunology, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • 3 Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
  • 4 Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
  • 5 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • 6 Laboratory of Immunology, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. cykang@snu.ac.kr.
PMID: 30728152 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0518
Abstract

GM-CSF as an Adjuvant has been shown to promote antitumor immunity in mice and humans; however, the underlying mechanism of GM-CSF-induced antitumor immunity remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that GM-CSF potentiates the efficacy of Cancer vaccines through IL9-producing Th (Th9) cells. GM-CSF selectively enhanced Th9 cell differentiation by regulating the COX2-PGE2 pathway while inhibiting the differentiation of induced regulatory T (iTreg) cells in vitro and in vivo GM-CSF-activated monocyte-derived dendritic cells converted tumor-specific naïve Th cells into Th9 cells, and delayed tumor growth by inducing antitumor CTLs in an IL9-dependent manner. Our findings reveal a mechanism for the adjuvanticity of GM-CSF and provide a rationale for the use of GM-CSF in Cancer vaccines.

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