Maxadilan 

Maxadilan is a specific irreversible PAC1 receptor agonist and a potent vasodilator peptide present in the salivary glands of sand flies. Maxadilan exhibits anti-apoptotic activity in hADSCs. Maxadilan inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) and enhances anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-10). Maxadilan can activate leukocytes and inhibit vascular permeability through PAC1 receptors. Maxadilan promotes neural differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. Maxadilan can be used to study endotoxin shock, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.

Maxadilan (20-200 nM,24 h) enhances the proliferation and migration of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), and enhances cytokine-induced neural redifferentiation of hADSCs into functional neurons^[2].

Maxadilan (80 nM, 24-48 h) decreases the ratio of apoptosis with serum withdrawal treatment in hADSCs through PAC1R ligand-dependent activity mediated by the PKA signaling pathway and PAC1R dimer-dependent activity mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway^[2].

Maxadilan (80 nM, 1-3 days) induces an efficient differentiation of hADSCs into neural-like cell morphology in chemical neural induction medium^[2].

Maxadilan (5-100 ng/mL) induces human neutrophil chemotaxis^[3].

Maxadilan (134 nM, 30 min) increases arteriolar dilation, associated with plasma leakage and leukocyte accumulation in one hamster cheek pouch^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Maxadilan (20 nmol/kg, i.p., 3 times a week) reduces atherosclerosis in the aortic arch and brachiocephalic trunk of ApoE^−/− mice under SC and CED with preserved or further enhanced hypercholesterolemia^[1].

Maxadilan (20 nmol/kg, i.p., once, 0-90 min) increases blood sugar in NIH mice^[4].

Maxadilan (25-50 nmol/kg, i.p., once a day, 21 days) increases body weight, reduces basal blood sugar, and promotes the increase of plasma insulin in NIH mice^[4].

Maxadilan (0.5-10 μg, i.p., once) reduces LPS (HY-D1056)-induced mortality in BALB/c mice^[5].

Maxadilan (3 μg, i.p., once) inhibits serum levels of TNF-4 while elevates IL-6 and IL-10 levels and prevents LPS-induced thrombocytopenia in LPS-induced BALB/c mice^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

6865.72

C₂₉₁H₄₆₆N₈₆O₉₄S₆

135374-80-0

Cys-Asp-Ala-Thr-Cys-Gln-Phe-Arg-Lys-Ala-Ile-Asp-Asp-Cys-Gln-Lys-Gln-Ala-His-His-Ser-Asn-Val-Leu-Gln-Thr-Ser-Val-Gln-Thr-Thr-Ala-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Met-Asp-Thr-Ser-Gln-Leu-Pro-Gly-Asn-Ser-Val-Phe-Lys-Glu-Cys-Met-Lys-Gln-Lys-Lys-Lys-Glu-Phe-Lys-Ala-NH2 (Disulfide bridge:Cys1-Cys5, Cys14-Cys51)

CDATCQFRKAIDDCQKQAHHSNVLQTSVQTTATFTSMDTSQLPGNSVFKECMKQKKKEFKA-NH2 (Disulfide bridge:Cys1-Cys5, Cys14-Cys51)

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

• [1]. Mey L, et al. PAC1 Agonist Maxadilan Reduces Atherosclerotic Lesions in Hypercholesterolemic ApoE-Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 10;25(24):13245.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Guo X, et al.PAC1R agonist maxadilan enhances hADSC viability and neural differentiation potential. J Cell Mol Med. 2016 May;20(5):874-90.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Svensjö E, et al.Maxadilan, the Lutzomyia longipalpis vasodilator, drives plasma leakage via PAC1-CXCR1/2-pathway. Microvasc Res. 2012 Mar;83(2):185-93.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. .Yu R, et al. Long-term administration of maxadilan improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice. Peptides. 2008 Aug;29(8):1347-53.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Bozza M, S et al The PACAP-type I receptor agonist maxadilan from sand fly saliva protects mice against lethal endotoxemia by a mechanism partially dependent on IL-10. Eur J Immunol. 1998 Oct;28(10):3120-7.  [Content Brief]