2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Apoptosis NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation Neuronal Signaling Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
  3. NADPH Oxidase Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Glutathione Peroxidase TRP Channel
  4. gp91 ds-tat

gp91 ds-tat, a biological active peptide, is a NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) inhibitor. gp91 ds-tat blocks NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production. gp91 ds-tat ameliorates high glucose-induced increase in total ROS, LPOs and iron levels. gp91 ds-tat inhibits homocysteine (Hcy)-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and restores Hcy-inhibited lysosomal TRPML1 channel activity. gp91 ds-tat improves cerebrovascular and cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice. gp91 ds-tat can be used for the study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), glomerular inflammation and cardiovascular disease.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Custom Peptide Synthesis

gp91 ds-tat

gp91 ds-tat Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 329902-61-6

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

gp91 ds-tat Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE gp91 ds-tat

View All NADPH Oxidase Isoform Specific Products:

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NOX1 NOX2 NOX4 NOX5 DUOX1

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TRPC TRPM TRPV TRPA TRPML

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

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Description

gp91 ds-tat, a biological active peptide, is a NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) inhibitor. gp91 ds-tat blocks NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production. gp91 ds-tat ameliorates high glucose-induced increase in total ROS, LPOs and iron levels. gp91 ds-tat inhibits homocysteine (Hcy)-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and restores Hcy-inhibited lysosomal TRPML1 channel activity. gp91 ds-tat improves cerebrovascular and cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice. gp91 ds-tat can be used for the study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), glomerular inflammation and cardiovascular disease[1][2][3][4].

In Vitro

gp91 ds-tat (5μM, 96 h) ameliorates high glucose-induced increase in total ROS, LPOs and iron levels, prevents inhibition of GPx4 activity, and attenuates cell death in human retinal endothelial cells[1].
gp91 ds-tat (5μM, 96 h) prevents impairments in mitochondrial membrane potential, decrease in oxygen consumption rate (including basal and maximal respiration rates), and reduction in mtDNA transcription and copy numbers in human retinal endothelial cells[1].
gp91 ds-tat (5 μM, 1 h pretreatment before homocysteine (Hcy) treatment) blocks Hcy-induced superoxide production in mouse podocytes[3].
gp91 ds-tat (5 μM, 1 h pretreatment before Hcy treatment) inhibits Hcy-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and formation of MVBs containing inflammatory cytokines in mouse podocytes[3].
gp91 ds-tat peptide (5 μM, 1 h pretreatment before Hcy treatment) restores Hcy-inhibited TRPML1 channel activity in mouse podocytes, reduces Hcy-enhanced exosome release from mouse podocytes and reverses the impaired lysosome-MVB interaction induced by Homocysteine in mouse podocytes[3].
gp91 ds-tat (1-3 μM, 2 h pretreatment) significantly inhibits chemerin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inhibits chemerin-induced proliferation and migration in rat mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs)[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

gp91 ds-tat Related Antibodies

Immunofluorescence[3]

Cell Line: mouse podocytes
Concentration: 5 μM
Incubation Time: 1 h pretreatment before Hcy treatment
Result: Increased colocalization of NLRP3 with ASC and caspase-1 via confocal microscopy.
Enhanced colocalization of Rab7a/VPS16 with IL-1β.
Recovered ML-SA1-induced GCaMP3 fluorescence elevation.
Increased colocalization of Rab7a (MVB marker) and Lamp-1 (lysosome marker).
In Vivo

gp91 ds-tat (10 mg/kg, i.p., every other day, 1-2 weeks) improves cerebrovascular and cognitive function in 10-11 month-old APP/PS1 mice (AD model)[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: APP/PS1 transgenic mice (10-11 months old, both sexes) were used as a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease[2]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg
Administration: i.p. every other day for 1 or 2 weeks
Result: Reduced ROS accumulation and NOX2 mRNA expression in the neocortex of APP/PS1 mice.
Decreased capillary stalling incidence by 67% in APP/PS1 mice after 1 week.
Increased volumetric blood flow and RBC flow speed in penetrating arterioles of APP/PS1 mice.
Improved performance in object displacement and Y-maze tests (short-term and spatial memory) in APP/PS1 mice, with significant effects after 2 weeks.
Reduced GFAP expression in the hippocampus and IBA1 expression in cortex/hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice (neuroinflammation attenuation), without affecting amyloid-β levels.
Downregulated inflammatory and leukocyte adhesion-related pathways in cerebral microvessels of APP/PS1 mice.
Decreased VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression in penetrating arterioles and capillaries of APP/PS1 mice.
Molecular Weight

2452.94

Formula

C98H190N50O22S
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

Sequence

Arg-Lys-Lys-Arg-Arg-Gln-Arg-Arg-Arg-Cys-Ser-Thr-Arg-Ile-Arg-Arg-Gln-Leu-NH2
Sequence Shortening

RKKRRQRRRCSTRIRRQL-NH2
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Sealed storage, away from moisture

Powder -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (40.77 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL (20.38 mM)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.4077 mL 2.0384 mL 4.0767 mL
5 mM 0.0815 mL 0.4077 mL 0.8153 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

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(per animal)

g

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(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.27%

SDS (252 KB)

COA (250 KB) LCMS (90 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 0.4077 mL 2.0384 mL 4.0767 mL 10.1919 mL
5 mM 0.0815 mL 0.4077 mL 0.8153 mL 2.0384 mL
10 mM 0.0408 mL 0.2038 mL 0.4077 mL 1.0192 mL
15 mM 0.0272 mL 0.1359 mL 0.2718 mL 0.6795 mL
20 mM 0.0204 mL 0.1019 mL 0.2038 mL 0.5096 mL
DMSO 25 mM 0.0163 mL 0.0815 mL 0.1631 mL 0.4077 mL
30 mM 0.0136 mL 0.0679 mL 0.1359 mL 0.3397 mL
40 mM 0.0102 mL 0.0510 mL 0.1019 mL 0.2548 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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gp91 ds-tat Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

gp91 ds-tat329902-61-6NADPH OxidaseFerroptosisReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)Glutathione PeroxidaseTRP ChannelNOXTransient receptor potential channelsAlzheimer’s diseaseglomerular inflammationcardiovascular diseaseNADPH oxidasehomocysteineInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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