Catestatin (rat)  (Synonyms: Rat chromogranin A367–387)

Catestatin (rat) (Rat chromogranin A367–387) is a potent, reversible, noncompetitive, and noncooperative nicotinic cholinergic antagonist derived from chromogranin A(A_367-387). Catestatin (rat) inhibits norepinephrine release in rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells (IC₅₀ = 1.2 μM), and blocks desensitization of norepinephrine release (IC₅₀ = 0.62 μM). Catestatin (rat) exerts antiadrenergic effects through the endothelial PI3K-AKT-eNOS pathway in rat papillary muscles and isolated cardiomyocytes. Catestatin (rat) maintains mitochondrial membrane potential in I/R cardiomyocytes and increases phosphorylation of AKT at S473, GSK3β at S9, PLB at T17, and eNOS at S1179. Catestatin (rat) reverses desensitization of ²²Na⁺ uptake. Catestatin (rat) can be used for the study of nicotinic cholinergic receptor regulation and catecholamine release control mechanisms^[1][2].

Catestatin (rat) (50 nL, 1 mM dissolved in PBS) into the RVLM of vagotomized normotensive rat resulted in sympathoactivation^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

2453.82

C₁₀₉H₁₇₃N₃₅O₂₈S

Arg-Ser-Met-Lys-Leu-Ser-Phe-Arg-Ala-Arg-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Phe-Arg-Asp-Pro-Gly-Pro-Gln-Leu

RSMKLSFRARAYGFRDPGPQL

O=C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCSC)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(NCC(N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N4[C@@H](CCC4)C(NCC(N5[C@@H](CCC5)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)N

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• [1]. Mahata SK, et al. Desensitization of catecholamine release. The novel catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide catestatin (chromogranin a344-364) acts at the receptor to prevent nicotinic cholinergic tolerance. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 29;274(5):2920-8.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Mahata SK, et al. Chromogranin A and its fragments in cardiovascular, immunometabolic, and cancer regulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2019 Nov;1455(1):34-58.  [Content Brief]