Candidalysin 

Candidalysin is a cytolytic peptide toxin secreted by the fungus Candida albicans. Candidalysin drives epithelial immune responses by activating the EGFR-MAPK signaling pathway, inducing MMP expression and calcium influx, and regulating the c-Fos transcription factor and MKP1 via p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 respectively. Candidalysin is essential for mucosal and systemic infections, activating NLRP3 to promote inflammatory responses, neutrophil recruitment, and Th17 immunity. Candidalysin activates LDH causing membrane damage and exhibiting cytotoxicity^[1][2][3][4]

Candidalysin (3-70 μM, 2 h) induces phosphorylation of EGFR at Y1068 and Y845 in TR146 cells in a dose-dependent manner^[1].
Candidalysin (3-70 μM, 2 h-24 h) induces immune response in TR146 cells that are mediated by MMP and calcium influx^[1].
Candidalysin (1.5-70 μM, 24 h) induces the release of LDH in A431 vaginal epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner^[2].
Candidalysin (1.5-70 μM, 24 h) upregulates the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-6 and IL-8 secreted by A431 vaginal epithelial cells^[2].
Candidalysin (10-50 μM, 2 h) activates NLRP3 inflammasome and specifically stimulates bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) to secrete IL-1β^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Candidalysin (wild-type C. albicans infection) (10⁷ cfu/mL, sub-lingually for 75 min, once) induces pEGFR Y1068 phosphorylation in the mouse tongue tissue of the oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) model^[1].
Candidalysin (wild-type C. albicans infection) (5×10⁸ cfu/ml, Intravaginally inoculated, once) induces neutrophil recruitment and mucosal damage in the vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) mouse model^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

3310.11

C₁₅₃H₂₆₆N₃₈O₃₈S₂

1906866-53-2

Solid

White to off-white

Ser-Ile-Ile-Gly-Ile-Ile-Met-Gly-Ile-Leu-Gly-Asn-Ile-Pro-Gln-Val-Ile-Gln-Ile-Ile-Met-Ser-Ile-Val-Lys-Ala-Phe-Lys-Gly-Asn-Lys

SIIGIIMGILGNIPQVIQIIMSIVKAFKGNK

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

• [1]. Ho J, et al. Candidalysin activates innate epithelial immune responses via epidermal growth factor receptor. Nat Commun. 2019 May 24;10(1):2297.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Richardson JP, et al. Candidalysin Drives Epithelial Signaling, Neutrophil Recruitment, and Immunopathology at the Vaginal Mucosa. Infect Immun. 2018 Jan 22;86(2):e00645-17.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Rogiers O, et al. Candidalysin Crucially Contributes to Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation by Candida albicans Hyphae. mBio. 2019 Jan 8;10(1):e02221-18.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Naglik JR, et al. Candidalysin: discovery and function in Candida albicans infections. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2019 Dec;52:100-109.  [Content Brief]