2. Anti-infection
  3. Bacterial Antibiotic
  4. A40926

A40926 is a glycopeptide antibiotic that targets the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan precursor D-alanyl-D-alanine (D-Ala-D-Ala). A40926 irreversibly inhibits cell wall synthesis by competitively binding to this target, and has high bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria (such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, with MIC=0.06-2 μg/mL, and is also effective against penicillin-resistant strains. A40926 blocks peptidoglycan cross-linking, destroys cell wall integrity, and causes bacterial lysis and death. A40926 has a fat-soluble fatty acid structure, which can increase serum concentrations and prolong the duration of action (e.g., the terminal half-life in rats is 61.22 h).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

A40926 Chemical Structure

A40926 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 102961-72-8

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

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  • Customer Review

Description

A40926 is a glycopeptide antibiotic that targets the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan precursor D-alanyl-D-alanine (D-Ala-D-Ala). A40926 irreversibly inhibits cell wall synthesis by competitively binding to this target, and has high bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria (such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, with MIC=0.06-2 μg/mL, and is also effective against penicillin-resistant strains. A40926 blocks peptidoglycan cross-linking, destroys cell wall integrity, and causes bacterial lysis and death. A40926 has a fat-soluble fatty acid structure, which can increase serum concentrations and prolong the duration of action (e.g., the terminal half-life in rats is 61.22 h)[1][2].

IC50 & Target

Glycopeptide

 

In Vitro

A40926 shows strong inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, with MIC=0.004-32 μg/mL. The median MIC against clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is 1 μg/mL, which is significantly lower than Teicoplanin (HY-A0097) and Vancomycin (HY-B0671)[1].
A40926 (4-16 μg/mL; 5 h) could kill 99.9%-99.99% of clinical isolates within 5 h at concentrations 4 to 8 times the MIC, including penicillin-resistant and spectinomycin (HY-B1828)-resistant strains, showing rapid bactericidal activity[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

A40926 Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis
Concentration: MIC
Incubation Time:
Result: Exhibited antibacterial activity with MIC values of 2 μg/mL (Neisseria gonorrhoeae), 0.06 μg/mL (Streptococcus pyogenes), 0.06 μg/mL (Streptococcus faecalis), 0.06 μg/mL (Staphylococcus aureus), 0.06 μg/mL (Staphylococcus epidermidis), respectively.
In Vivo

A40926 (10 mg/kg; sc; single dose) improves the sepsis model of CD-1 mice and reduces the infection of mice with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The effect is slightly lower than that of Teicoplanin (HY-A0097) (ED50 is 1.9, 0.33, and 0.38 mg/kg, respectively), but the concentration in serum is significantly higher and lasts longer than Teicoplanin[1].
In the pharmacokinetic model of male CD rats, A40926 (10 mg/kg; iv/sc; single dose) shows decayed plasma concentration in a power function after intravenous injection, with a terminal half-life of 61.22 h, a subcutaneous bioavailability of nearly 90%, and a urinary excretion rate of 35.9% at 120 h[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: CD-1 mice (male and female, 18-22 g) infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, or Streptococcus pneumoniae[1]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg (dissolved in 10% DMSO, 40% PEG 300, 5% Tween-80, and 45% saline)
Administration: Subcutaneous injection, single dose
Result: Demonstrated protective efficacy against systemic infections caused by gram-positive pathogens, with ED50 values of 1.9 mg/kg for S. aureus, 0.33 mg/kg for S. pyogenes, and 0.38 mg/kg for S. pneumoniae.
Although slightly less effective than Teicoplanin (HY-A0097) in survival rates, achieved peak serum concentrations of 128 μg/mL and maintained effective levels (>1 μg/mL) for over 72 h, indicating prolonged exposure compared to Teicoplanin (HY-A0097).
Animal Model: Male CD rats (161-185 g) for pharmacokinetic analysis[2]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg (formulated in 10% DMSO and 90% corn oil for s.c.)
Administration: Intravenous or subcutaneous injection, single dose, 1 cycle.
Result: Displayed a tri-exponential plasma concentration profile with a terminal half-life of 61.22 h, mean residence time of 84.5 h, and total clearance of 0.11 L/h/kg.
Subcutaneous injection resulted in rapid absorption (Tmax=2 h) and high bioavailability (~90%).
Urinary excretion accounted for 35.9% of the administered dose within 120 h, primarily as unchanged drug, while fecal excretion was minimal (<5%).
Molecular Weight

1732.53

Formula

C83H88Cl2N8O29
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

ClC1=CC(C(O)C(C(NC(C(O)=O)C(C=C(O)C=C2O[C@@H]3[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)=C2C4=C(O)C=CC(C5NC(C6NC(C(C7=C(Cl)C(O)=CC(O8)=C7)NC(C9NC(C(C%10=CC8=C(O)C=C%10)NC)=O)=O)=O)=O)=C4)=O)NC5=O)=CC=C1OC%11=CC6=CC(OC%12=CC=C(C9)C=C%12)=C%11O[C@@H]%13O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]%13NC(CCCCCCCCC(C)C)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 5.88 mg/mL (3.39 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 20°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.5772 mL 2.8860 mL 5.7719 mL
5 mM --- --- ---
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 0.59 mg/mL (0.34 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.59 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.9 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 0.59 mg/mL (0.34 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.59 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.9 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 94.10%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (270 KB) LCMS (87 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 0.5772 mL 2.8860 mL 5.7719 mL 14.4298 mL
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A40926 Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

A40926102961-72-8A 40926A-40926BacterialAntibioticglycopeptidegram-positive,bacteriaprecursoranti-NeisseriagonorrheaInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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