2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W015913S1
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-d3
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-d3 is the deuterium labeled Sodium 2-oxopropanoate. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate), a three-carbon metabolite of Glucose, is a compound produced in the glycolytic pathway. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate is a free radical scavenger that can scavenge ROS.
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-18085G
    Quercetin (GMP)
    		Inhibitor
    Quercetin GMP is Quercetin (HY-18085) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Quercetin is a flavonoid antioxidant, a PI3K inhibitor and a SIRT1 Activator.
    Quercetin (GMP)
  • HY-18085S1
    Quercetin-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Quercetin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Quercetin. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively.
    Quercetin-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N0111S2
    Coenzyme Q10-d9
    		98.23%
    Coenzyme Q10-d9 is the deuterium labeled Coenzyme Q10. Coenzyme Q10 is an essential cofactor of the electron transport chain and a potent antioxidant agent.
    Coenzyme Q10-d<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-144427S
    Vitamin E-13C2,d6
    		Inhibitor
    Vitamin E-13C2,d6 is a 13C-labeled and deuterium labeled Vitamin E.
    Vitamin E-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>,d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-136395
    Cartap
    		Inducer
    Cartap, an organonitrogen insecticide, can cause a marked irreversible Ca2+-dependent contracture in both isolated mouse and rabbit phrenic nerve-diaphragms. Cartap significantly increases the level of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C2C12 cells.
    Cartap
  • HY-155126
    LZWL02003
    		Inhibitor 99.38%
    LZWL02003 is an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. LZWL02003 has protective effect on MPP+-induced neuronal damage, and reduces the expression of ROS. LZWL02003 improves cognition, memory, learning, and athletic ability in a Rotenone (HY-B1756)-induced PD rat model. LZWL02003 can be used for research of neurodegenerative disease.
    LZWL02003
  • HY-N9834
    Aureusidin
    		Inhibitor
    Aureusidin is an aurone with high antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Aureusidin also shows anti-inflammatory effects.
    Aureusidin
  • HY-W274194
    Antioxidant agent-7
    		Inhibitor 99.49%
    Antioxidant agent-7 (SD-7) is a benzodiazepine derivative with antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 470 nM to scavenge DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical.
    Antioxidant agent-7
  • HY-B0166S6
    L-Ascorbic acid-d2
    		99.90%
    L-Ascorbic acid-d2 is the deuterium labeled L-Ascorbic acid. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a colla
    L-Ascorbic acid-d<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-N2707
    6-Deoxyjacareubin
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    6-Deoxyjacareubin is a natural xanthone, that can be isolated from the leaves of Vismia latifolia. 6-Deoxyjacareubin protects against non-apoptotic cell death by inhibiting ROS production. 6-Deoxyjacareubin ameliorates neurodegeneration in a mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
    6-Deoxyjacareubin
  • HY-137155
    Dapsone hydroxylamine
    		Inhibitor
    Dapsone hydroxylamine (DDS-NOH) induces methemoglobinemia. Dapsone hydroxylamine inhibits catalase (CAT) activity and reactive oxygen species generation. Dapsone hydroxylamine also has anti-inflammatory activity.
    Dapsone hydroxylamine
  • HY-N0377A
    (±)-Liquiritigenin
    		Inhibitor 99.64%
    (±)-Liquiritigenin ((±)-4',7-Dihydroxyflavanone) is isolated from Angelica keiskei, a hardy perennial herb of the Umbelliferae family. (±)-Liquiritigenin promotes cell proliferation, has cytoprotective activity and reduces cytotoxicity, and also has antioxidant stress effects.
    (±)-Liquiritigenin
  • HY-125919
    Vulpinic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.62%
    Vulpinic acid, a lichen metabolite, decreases H2O2-induced ROS production, oxidative stress and oxidative stress-related damages in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Vulpinic acid is active against staphylococci, enterococci, and anaerobic bacteria.Vulpinic acid has the potential for atherosclerosis research.
    Vulpinic acid
  • HY-120349
    LL-Z1640-4
    		Inhibitor 99.0%
    LL-Z1640-4 is a potent p38/JNK signaling inhibitor. LL-Z1640-4 significantly diminishes p38 and JNK activation in HCC cells transfected with MLK4 siRNA. LL-Z1640-4 markedly attenuates ROS production induced by MLK4 knockdown. LL-Z1640-4 significantly reduces the apoptotic cells in HCC cells transfected with siMLK4.
    LL-Z1640-4
  • HY-112328
    Fascaplysin
    		Inducer
    Fascaplysin is an antimicrobial and cytotoxic red pigment, that can come from the marine sponge (Fascaplysinopsis sp.). Fascaplysin has been synthesized in seven steps from indole (65% yield). Fascaplysin can induces apoptosis and autophagy in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Fascaplysin shows anti-tumor activity.
    Fascaplysin
  • HY-N8413
    Chlojaponilactone B
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Chlojaponilactone B is a lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid with anti-inflammatory properties. Chlojaponilactone B suppresses inflammatory responses by inhibiting TLR4 and subsequently decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, downregulating the NF-κB, thus reducing the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines iNOS, NO, COX-2, IL-6 and TNF-α.
    Chlojaponilactone B
  • HY-W014225S
    3-Phenoxybenzoic acid-13C6
    		Inducer 99.29%
    3-Phenoxybenzoic acid-13C6 is the 13C6 labeled 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid is the metabolite of pyrethroid insecticides. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid induces immunotoxicity and oxidative stress, and inhibits the phagocytic ability of macrophages.
    3-Phenoxybenzoic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0796R
    Procyanidin B2 (Standard)
    Procyanidin B2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Procyanidin B2. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Procyanidin B2 is a natural flavonoid, with anti-cancer, antioxidant activities.
    Procyanidin B2 (Standard)
  • HY-162276
    Anticancer agent 188
    		Antagonist 99.10%
    Anticancer agent 188 (compound D43) inhibits DNA synthesis in TNBC cells, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Anticancer agent 188 has anti-cancer viability by inducing ROS-mediated apoptosis and DNA damage.
    Anticancer agent 188
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity