2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0132
    Synephrine
    		98.0%
    Synephrine (Oxedrine), an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss.
    Synephrine
  • HY-W016562S
    Hippuric acid-d5
    		99.65%
    Hippuric acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Hippuric acid. Hippuric Acid (2-Benzamidoacetic acid), an acyl glycine produced by the conjugation of benzoic acid and glycine, is a normal component in urine as a metabolite of aromatic compounds from food.
    Hippuric acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-113044R
    Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (Standard)
    Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (Standard) (UDP-D-Glucose (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (HY-113044). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose (UDP-glucose), secreted by cardiomyocytes during ischemia and reperfu, is a potent agonist of the proinflammatory P2Y14 receptor. It acts an important role in the regulation of inflammation and neutrophil polarization in neutrophils. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose is also the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose is promising for research in counteracting myocardial infarction/reperfusion (MIR)-induced inflammation in the heart tissue.
    Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (Standard)
  • HY-113284
    Succinyladenosine
    		99.43%
    Succinyladenosine, the metabolic product of dephosphorylation of intracellular adenylosuccinic acid (S-AMP) by cytosolic 5-nucleotidase, is a biochemical marker of adenylosuccinase (ASL) deficiency.
    Succinyladenosine
  • HY-Y0966S3
    Glycine-13C2
    		99.88%
    Glycine-13C2 is the 13C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.
    Glycine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-W005178
    Octadecanedioic acid
    		99.95%
    Octadecanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite. Octadecanedioic acid can be used in the research of Reye's syndrome.
    Octadecanedioic acid
  • HY-W012814
    4-Methylcatechol
    		99.52%
    4-Methylcatechol is an intermediate in the degradation of some alkylbenzenes and an orally active suicide inhibitor of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O). 4-Methylcatechol induces apoptosis in melanoma cells through oxidative stress, but some studies have also shown that 4-Methylcatechol is carcinogenic. In addition, 4-Methylcatechol has antiplatelet and blood pressure-lowering activities. 4-Methylcatechol can also inhibit protein oxidation in beef but does not disulfide formation.
    4-Methylcatechol
  • HY-W012974
    3-Aminoisobutyric acid
    		≥98.0%
    3-Aminoisobutyric acid (β-Aminoisobutyric acid) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid increases the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes in white adipose tissue and fatty acid β-oxidation in hepatocytes. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation induced by palmitate or a high fat diet via an AMPK-PPARδ-dependent pathway in mice. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid is a catabolic metabolite of thymine and valine in skeletal muscle.
    3-Aminoisobutyric acid
  • HY-N0486S8
    L-Leucine-13C6,15N
    		99.90%
    L-Leucine-13C6,15N is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway.
    L-Leucine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N
  • HY-B1500
    2,2,2-Trichloroethanol
    		99.53%
    2,2,2-Trichloroethanol, the active form of Chloral hydrate, is an agonist for the nonclassical K2P channels TREK-1 (KCNK2) and TRAAK (KCNK4).
    2,2,2-Trichloroethanol
  • HY-Y0839
    Levulinic acid
    		99.95%
    Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate. Levulinic acid is also a 5-keto-pentanoic acid. Levulinic acid can be utilized by the cells as a cosubstrate for biopolymer synthesis. Levulinic acid can be used in antibacterial research.
    Levulinic acid
  • HY-N0473S
    L-Tyrosine-d4
    		98.0%
    L-Tyrosine-d4 is a deuterium labeled L-Tyrosine. L-Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid which can inhibit citrate synthase activity in the posterior cortex.
    L-Tyrosine-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-NP006
    Protein A
    Protein A (SPA) is an immunoglobulin (Ig) binding protein that exists on the surface of bacteria and can be freely secreted into the extracellular environment. Protein A blocks opsonization and phagocytosis and induces B-cell death in vitro by binding to the Fc region of antibodies and the Fab region of B-cell receptors. Protein A has the ability to inhibit opsonization and phagocytosis in vitro.
    Protein A
  • HY-130413
    Protectin D1
    		99.10%
    Protectin D1, a neuroprotectin D1 produced by neuronal cells, is a member of a newly discovered family of bioactive products derived from docosahexaenoic acid. Protectin D1 also serves as a specialized pro-resolving mediator, exhibiting effective in vivo pro-resolving activity in various human disease models. Additionally, Protectin D1 is an inhibitor of NALP3 inflammasomes and regulates the PI3K/AKT and HIF-1α signaling pathways. Protectin D1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting the expression of NALP3, ASC, and Caspase-1, and consequently decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Furthermore, Protectin D1 enhances miRNA-210 expression, activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and exerts cardioprotective effects. Protectin D1 holds promise for research in cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory disorders.
    Protectin D1
  • HY-W048838
    Acetyl-L-lysine
    		99.83%
    Acetyl-L-lysine is an acetylated form of the amino acid L-lysine. Acetyl-L-lysine can participate in protein acylation processes, affecting protein functions such as stability and enzyme activity.
    Acetyl-L-lysine
  • HY-101401
    3-(Methylthio)propionic acid
    		98.97%
    3-(Methylthio)propionic acid is an intermediate in the methionine metabolism.
    3-(Methylthio)propionic acid
  • HY-N10573
    UDP-rhamnose
    UDP-rhamnose is one of the substrates for pectin synthesis in cell wall. UDP-rhamnose can be identified in fungi. UDP-rhamnose is one of the most common sugar donors in plants. UDP-rhamnose synthesis requires recombinant enzymes. UDP-rhamnose can be synthesized from UDP-glucose through the consecutive three-step reaction catalyzed by a single structure enzyme in plants.
    UDP-rhamnose
  • HY-Y0319G
    Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate
    		99.47%
    Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate is a carboxylic acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs). Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate activates AMPK, increases ROS, cleaved caspase 9, PPARα, downregulates SREBP-1c, ChREBP expression. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate exhibits antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1A. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate regulates energy metabolism. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate has anticancer activity against gastric cancer. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate induces writhing reaction and ulcerative colitis. Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate can be used in the researches for gastric cancer, ulcerative colitis, hepatic steatosis, and pain.
    Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate
  • HY-W011256
    Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate sodium
    		99.10%
    Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate sodium is a 2',3'-cyclic purine nucleotide. Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate sodium is deaminated by the adenosine deaminase. Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate sodium can be degrade to 2'-AMP and 3'-AMP.
    Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate sodium
  • HY-76801
    24, 25-Dihydroxy VD2
    		99.58%
    24,25-Dihydroxy VD2 (24,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D2) is a hydroxylated metabolite and derivative of Vitamin D2 HY-76542 (HY-76542).
    24, 25-Dihydroxy VD2
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity