2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W008833R
    3-Aminobutanoic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    3-Aminobutanoic acid is a β-amino acid. 3-Aminobutanoic acid can protect plant against a challenge infection with P. infestans. 3-Aminobutanoic acid has various levels of susceptibility for the pathogen.
    3-Aminobutanoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-76383R
    LR-90 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    LR-90 (Standard) is the analytical standard of LR-90. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. LR-90 is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor, inhibits inflammatory responses in human monocytes. LR-90 is also used in the research of diabetic animal model.
    LR-90 (Standard)
  • HY-156722
    ER-34122
    		Inhibitor
    ER-34122 is a dual 5-lipoxygenase/cyclooxygenase inhibitor with oral activity. ER-34122 has anti-inflammatory activity.
    ER-34122
  • HY-100125A
    Timegadine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Timegadine hydrochloride (SR1368 hydrochloride) is the hydrochloride salt form of Timegadine (HY-100125). Timegadine hydrochloride is an orally active inhibitor for COX and lipo-oxygenase, that inhibits COX in washed rabbit platelets and rat brain with IC50 of 5 nM and 20 μM, inhibits lipo-oxygenase in in horse and washed rabbit platelets with IC50 of 100 μM. Timegadine hydrochloride exhibits anti-arthritis activity.
    Timegadine hydrochloride
  • HY-N1508R
    Ecliptasaponin A (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ecliptasaponin A (Standard) is the analytical standard for Ecliptasaponin A (HY-N1508). Ecliptasaponin A is an orally active pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin. Ecliptasaponin A exerts anti-tumor activity by activating ASK1/JNK pathway, inducing apoptosis and autophagy in lung cancer cells. Ecliptasaponin A exerts anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrotic effects and protects the cardiovascular system by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and the expression of COX-2 and MMP-9. Ecliptasaponin A can enhance SOD activity, reduce MDA levels, and alleviate oxidative stress damage. Ecliptasaponin A exerts chondroprotective effects by inhibiting the expression of MMP13 and regulating inflammatory factors. Ecliptasaponin A improves ovarian function and regulates sex hormones by upregulating the expression of ESR1 receptors.
    Ecliptasaponin A (Standard)
  • HY-126114R
    Lupeol acetate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Lupeol acetate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lupeol acetate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lupeol acetate is a derivative of Lupeol. Lupeol acetate is an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-trypanosomic and anticancer agent with oral activity. Lupeol acetate significantly improves the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis by down-regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast production. Lupeol acetate inhibits spermatogenesis in male rats and eventually led to infertility.
    Lupeol acetate (Standard)
  • HY-N0920R
    Dihydrokavain (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Dihydrokavain (Standard) (7,8-Dihydrokawain (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Dihydrokavain (HY-N0920). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dihydrokavain is a natural kavalactone compound. Dihydrokavain inhibits COX-1, COX-2, CYP2C9 (IC50 = 130.95 μM), CYP2C19 (IC50 = 10.05 μM) and CYP3A4 (IC50 = 78.59 μM). Dihydrokavain reduces TNFα secretion. Dihydrokavain shows analgesic and anxiolytic effects.
    Dihydrokavain (Standard)
  • HY-14397S3
    Indomethacin-13C6
    		Inhibitor
    Indomethacin-13C6 (Indometacin-13C6) is 13C labeled Indomethacin. Indomethacin (Indometacin) is a potent, orally active COX1/2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 18 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Indomethacin has anticancer activity and anti-infective activity. Indomethacin can be used for cancer, inflammation and viral infection research.
    Indomethacin-</sub><sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-17474S1
    Parecoxib-d5
    		Inhibitor
    Parecoxib-d5 (SC 69124-d5) is deuterium labeled Parecoxib. Parecoxib (SC 69124) is a highly selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor, the proagent of Valdecoxib (HY-15762). Parecoxib Sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) and inhibits prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Parecoxib can be used for the relief of acute postoperative pain and symptoms of chronic inflammatory conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in vivo.
    Parecoxib-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-B0641R
    Felbinac (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Felbinac (Standard) is the analytical standard of Felbinac. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Felbinac is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, used to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.
    Felbinac (Standard)
  • HY-171470
    RS-57067
    		Inhibitor
    RS-57067 is a COX-2 inhibitor with a Ki of 16.9 μM. RS-57067 reduces the production of prostaglandins (such as PGE2) by inhibiting COX-2, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response. RS-57067 can be used in the research of inflammatory and immune diseases.
    RS-57067
  • HY-N0589R
    Dehydrodiisoeugenol (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Dehydrodiisoeugenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dehydrodiisoeugenol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dehydrodiisoeugenol is isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, shows anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial actions. Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibits LPS-stimulated NF-κB activation and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 gene expression in murine macrophages.
    Dehydrodiisoeugenol (Standard)
  • HY-B1799R
    Tolmetin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Tolmetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tolmetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tolmetin is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 0.35 μM and 0.82 μM human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tolmetin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
    Tolmetin (Standard)
  • HY-59105R
    SC-560 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    SC-560 (Standard) is the analytical standard of SC-560. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. SC-560 is a potent and selective COX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 9 nM.
    SC-560 (Standard)
  • HY-78131CR
    Ibuprofen sodium (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ibuprofen (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ibuprofen (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ibuprofen ((±)-Ibuprofen) sodium is an orally active, selective COX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 13 μM. Ibuprofen sodium inhibits cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and induces cell apoptosis. Ibuprofen sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent and a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Ibuprofen sodium can be used in the research of pain, swelling, inflammation, infection, immunology, cancers.
    Ibuprofen sodium (Standard)
  • HY-N7324
    Dehydroperilloxin
    		Inhibitor
    Dehydroperilloxin is a natural compound isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the stems of Perilla frutescens var. acuta. Dehydroperilloxin possesses inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase-1, with the IC50 value of 30.4 μM.
    Dehydroperilloxin
  • HY-U00013R
    Nitroflurbiprofen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Nitroflurbiprofen is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor with nitric oxide (NO)-donating properties, modulates the increased intrahepatic vascular tone in portal hypertensive cirrhotic rats.
    Nitroflurbiprofen (Standard)
  • HY-19384R
    Enflicoxib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Enflicoxib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Enflicoxib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Enflicoxib (E 6087) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compound that selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Enflicoxib does not inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). E-6087 shows anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities in animal models.
    Enflicoxib (Standard)
  • HY-107632G
    GYY4137 (GMP)
    		Inhibitor
    GYY4137 (GMP) is the GMP-grade version of GYY4137 (HY-107632). Small molecules of GMP grade can be used as adjuvant reagents in cell therapy. GYY4137 (GMP) is a sustained-release H2S donor possessing vasodilatory, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities. GYY4137 (GMP) can inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest by blocking the STAT3 pathway, demonstrating potent anticancer activity.
    GYY4137 (GMP)
  • HY-119878
    Lobuprofen
    		Inhibitor
    Lobuprofen is a potent COX inhibitor. Lobuprofen can be used in study neurological diseases.
    Lobuprofen
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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