2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0574S2
    Mefenamic acid-13C6
    		Inhibitor
    Mefenamic acid-13C6 is the 13C-labeled Mefenamic acid. Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, acting as a competitive inhibitor of hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, with IC50s of 40 nM and 3 μM for hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, respectively.
    Mefenamic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-161266
    COX-2/NLRP3-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/NLRP3-IN-1 (Compound 6k) is a COX-2/NLRP3 inhibitor with a IC50 of 1.53 μM for COX-2. COX-2/NLRP3-IN-1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
    COX-2/NLRP3-IN-1
  • HY-163509
    COX-2-IN-43
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-43 (Compound MYM4) is a COX-2 inhibitor (IC50: 0.983 and 0.247 μM for COX-1 and COX-2 respectively). COX-2-IN-43 inhibits cancer cell proliferation and colonization, induces apoptosis.
    COX-2-IN-43
  • HY-N5015R
    Rosmanol (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Rosmanol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rosmanol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rosmanol could inhibit the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LPL) and significantly inhibit lipopolysaccharide induced iNOS and COX-2 expression, with anti-inflammatory effect.
    Rosmanol (Standard)
  • HY-N8480
    Atractylochromene
    		Inhibitor
    Atractylochromene is a potent dual inhibitor of 5-LOX/COX-1 with IC50s of 0.6 and 3.3 μM, respectively.
    Atractylochromene
  • HY-155031
    MCI
    		Inhibitor
    MCI alleviates inflammation by macrophage reprogramming via targeting ROS scavenging and COX-2 downregulation. MCI inhibits COX-2 with an IC50 value of 1.23 μM. MCI has significant anti-inflammatory effects in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) models. MCI can be used in research for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
    MCI
  • HY-12384
    Tenosal
    		Inhibitor
    Tenosal is a new compound obtained by esterifying salicylic acid with 2-thiophene-carboxylic acid and displays anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties.
    Tenosal
  • HY-151173
    XO/COX/LOX-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    XO/COX/LOX-IN-1 (compound 7i) is a potent xanthine oxidase/cyclooxygenases/lipoxygenases (XO/COX/LOX) inhibitor. XO/COX/LOX-IN-1 can be used in studies of inflammation, cancer and metabolic diseases.
    XO/COX/LOX-IN-1
  • HY-N11624
    Axinelline A
    		Inhibitor
    Axinelline A is a potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 2.22 μM and 8.89 μM against COX-2 and COX-1, respectively. Axinelline A shows anti-inflammatory activity.
    Axinelline A
  • HY-116610
    L 748780
    		Inhibitor
    L 748780 (compound 2) is a selectivity COX-2 inhibitor with the IC50 values of 0.5 μM and ＞ 100 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.
    L 748780
  • HY-A0273S
    Propyphenazone-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.0%
    Propyphenazone-d3 is the deuterium labeled Propyphenazone. Propyphenazone is a pyrazolone derivative with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity, Propyphenazone-based analogues as proagents and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
    Propyphenazone-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-105290
    DRF-4848
    		Inhibitor
    DRF-4848 is a COX-2 inhibitor. DRF-4848 can be used for the research of inflammation.
    DRF-4848
  • HY-14397G
    Indomethacin (GMP)
    		Inhibitor
    Indomethacin (GMP) is Indomethacin (HY-14397) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules work appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Indomethacin (Indometacin) is a potent, orally active COX1/2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 18 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Indomethacin has anticancer activity and anti-infective activity. Indomethacin can be used for cancer, inflammation and viral infection research.
    Indomethacin (GMP)
  • HY-B1890R
    (±)-Catechin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    (±)-Catechin (Standard) is the analytical standard of (±)-Catechin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (±)-Catechin (rel-Cianidanol) is the racemate of the green tea polyphenol Catechin. Catechin has anticancer activity and induces apoptosis. (±)-Catechin has two forms, (+)-Catechin and its enantiomer (-)-Catechin. (+)-Catechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. (-)-Catechin can effectively promote hBM-MSC adipocyte differentiation and increase adiponectin and PPARγ levels. (±)-Catechin has anti-tumor, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-cardiovascular, anti-infectious, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects.
    (±)-Catechin (Standard)
  • HY-150550
    COX-2-IN-26
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-26 is a potent, selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 10.61, 0.067, 1.96 µM for COX-1, COX-2, 15-LOX, respectively. COX-2-IN-26 shows anti-inflammatory activity. COX-2-IN-26 shows gastrointestinal safety profile.
    COX-2-IN-26
  • HY-N0603R
    20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 (Standard) is the analytical standard of 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 is the main component of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits Na+ and hKv1.4 channel with IC50s of 32.2±4.5 and 32.6±2.2 μM, respectively. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 also inhibits Aβ levels, NF-κB activity, and COX-2 expression.
    20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 (Standard)
  • HY-155997
    Anti-inflammatory agent 56
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-inflammatory agent 56 (Compound 9) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor (IC50: 0.54 μM). Anti-inflammatory agent 56 has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Anti-inflammatory agent 56 inhibits oxidative stress induced cell death. Anti-inflammatory agent 56 inhibits oxidative stress and neuroinflammation by inhibiting Keap1, COX-2 and iNOS. Anti-inflammatory agent 56 has low acute toxicity in mice (LD50: 1000 mg/kg).
    Anti-inflammatory agent 56
  • HY-N1380S3
    Guaiacol-d4
    Guaiacol-d4 is the deuterium labeled Guaiacol. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
    Guaiacol-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-173487
    COX-2-IN-53
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-53 (compound 9) is a potent COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.373 μM. COX-2-IN-53 reduces radiation-induced oxidative stress.
    COX-2-IN-53
  • HY-135731A
    4-Methylamino antipyrine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    4-Methylamino antipyrine hydrochloride is an active metabolite of Metamizole. Metamizole is a pyrazolone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and inhibits COX. Metamizole is an nonopioid analgesic agent and can be used for pain and fever. 4-Methylamino antipyrine hydrochloride has analgesic, antipyretic, and relatively weak antiinflammatory properties.
    4-Methylamino antipyrine hydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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