2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W109812S
    Sinapyl alcohol-d3
    Sinapyl alcohol-d3 is the deuterated labeled Sinapyl alcohol (HY-W109812). Sinapyl alcohol is an orally active anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive agent. Sinapyl alcohol reduces the expression level of inducible NO synthase and COX-2.
    Sinapyl alcohol-d<sub>3</sub
  • HY-106835
    Flobufen
    		Inhibitor
    Flobufen (VUFB 16066) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor agent. Flobufen inhibits alloantigen-driven cellular immune responses and stimulates phagocytosis of peritoneal cells. Flobufen can improve immunopathological disorders and has an inhibitory effect on rheumatoid arthritis.
    Flobufen
  • HY-10582S1
    Flurbiprofen-d5
    		Inhibitor 99.76%
    Flurbiprofen-d5 is the deuterium labeled Flurbiprofen. Flurbiprofen (dl-Flurbiprofen) is a potent, orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA/NSAID), with antipyretic and analgesic activities. Flurbiprofen is commonly used for the research of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Flurbiprofen is a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor that can be used for the research of colorectal cancer.
    Flurbiprofen-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-B1279A
    Metamizole sodium
    		≥98.0%
    Metamizole sodium (Dipyrone) is an orally active cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. Metamizole sodium can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. Metamizole sodium has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Metamizole sodium is an antipyretic, analgesic and spasmolytic agent. .Metamizole sodium can be used in research to relieve a variety of pain.
    Metamizole sodium
  • HY-N7012
    7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin
    		Inhibitor 99.28%
    7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin (5-Hydroxy-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavone) is a flavonoid with multiple biological activities. 7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin inhibits soybean lipoxygenase (LOX), with an IC50 value of 23.97 µg/mL. 7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin possesses anti-inflammatory effects in Lipopolysaccharides (HY-D1056) (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. 7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin inhibits the binding of MDM2 with p53 and induces apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. 7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin also has antioxidant, antifungal and antitrypanosomal activitiessup>[4]sup>[5].
    7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin
  • HY-B0261S
    Meloxicam-d3
    		Inhibitor ≥99.0%
    Meloxicam-d3 is deuterium labeled Meloxicam. Meloxicam is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, inhibits COX activity, with IC50s of 0.49 μM and 36.6 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.
    Meloxicam-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W012399
    2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone
    		Modulator 99.90%
    2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone (DTBHQ), the indirect food additive, regulates the activity of 5-lipoxygenase as well as the activity of COX-2 (IC50=1.8 and 14.1 μM for 5-LO and COX-2, respectively) .
    2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone
  • HY-N4028
    Hydrangenol
    		Inhibitor 99.63%
    Hydrangenol is an orally active antiphotoaging compound. It can be isolated from Hydrangea serrata leaves. Hydrangenol prevents wrinkle formation by reducing MMP and inflammatory cytokine expression and increasing moisturizing factors and antioxidant genes level.
    Hydrangenol
  • HY-N2925
    β-Amyrone
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    β-Amyrone (β-Amyron) is a triterpene compound which has anti-inflammatory activity through inhibiting the expression of COX-2. β-Amyrone has antifungal activity , as well as antiviral activity against Chikungunya virus. β-Amyrone also inhibits α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. β-Amyrone can be used in the research of disease like inflammation, infection, and obesity.
    β-Amyrone
  • HY-103386
    FR122047
    		Inhibitor 99.55%
    FR122047 (hydrochloride) is a selective and oral active inhibitor of COX-1 with an IC50 of 28 nM. FR122047 hydrochloride has antiplatelet, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo.
    FR122047
  • HY-W009248
    Phenethyl ferulate
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Phenethyl ferulate is a major constituent ofQianghuo, shows inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with IC50 values of 4.35 μM and 5.75 μM, respectively.
    Phenethyl ferulate
  • HY-118752
    Fentiazac
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    Fentiazac, alkanoic acid derivative, is an orally active non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, with analgesic, antipyretic and platelet anti-aggregation activity. Fentiazac can be used to research inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and tendinitis.
    Fentiazac
  • HY-N2429
    Sphondin
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    Sphondin possesses an inhibitory effect on IL-1β-induced increase in the level of COX-2 protein and PGE2 release in A549 cells.
    Sphondin
  • HY-N0355
    (+)-Catechin hydrate
    		Inhibitor 99.59%
    (+)-Catechin hydrate inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM.
    (+)-Catechin hydrate
  • HY-101481
    Flurbiprofen axetil
    		Inhibitor 99.34%
    Flurbiprofen axetil is a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. Flurbiprofen axetil has anti-inflammatory effect.
    Flurbiprofen axetil
  • HY-N0074
    Byakangelicol
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    Byakangelicol, isolated from Angelica dahurica, inhibits interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) -induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in A549 cells mediated by suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the activity of COX-2 enzyme. Byakangelicol has therapeutic potential as an anti-inflammatory agent on airway inflammation.
    Byakangelicol
  • HY-107208
    Procyanidol B4
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Procyanidol B4 ((-)-Procyanidin B4) is an orally active polyphenol found in Q.gilva. Procyanidol B4 exerts antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH (HY-112053) (IC50: 12.15 μM) and Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) (HY-15925) (IC50: 8.67 μM). Procyanidol B4 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and IL-1β and iNOS.
    Procyanidol B4
  • HY-B0760R
    Fenofibric acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor 99.16%
    Fenofibric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fenofibric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, is a PPAR activitor, with EC50s of 22.4 μM, 1.47 μM, and 1.06 μM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively; Fenofibric acid also inhibits COX-2 enzyme activity, with an IC50 of 48 nM.
    Fenofibric acid (Standard)
  • HY-15029
    (±)-Naproxen
    		Inhibitor 99.79%
    (±)-Naproxen ((Rac)-Naproxen) is a racemate of Naproxen (HY-15030). Naproxen is a COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50s of 8.72 and 5.15 μM, respectively.
    (±)-Naproxen
  • HY-66005R
    Acetaminophen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Acetaminophen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Acetaminophen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 25.8 μM; is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic agent. Acetaminophen is a potent hepatic N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) inhibitor.
    Acetaminophen (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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