2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0038
    Alantolactone
    		Inducer 99.94%
    Alantolactone is a selective STAT3 inhibitor, with potent anticancer activity. Alantolactone induces apoptosis in cancer.
    Alantolactone
  • HY-150190
    F5446
    		Inducer 99.38%
    F5446 (Compound 1) is a selective small molecule inhibitor of SUV39H1 methyltransferase. F5446 decreases H3K9me3 deposition at the FAS promoter, increases Fas expression and increases colorectal carcinoma cell sensitivity to FasL-induced apoptosis in vitro. F5446 suppresses human colon tumor xenograft growth in vivo.
    F5446
  • HY-108466
    Ro 08-2750
    		Inducer 98.63%
    Ro 08-2750 is a non-peptide and reversible nerve growth factor (NGF) inhibitor which binds to NGF, and with an IC50 of ~ 1 μM. Ro 08-2750 inhibits NGF binding to p75NTR selectively over TRKA. Ro 08-2750 is a selective MSI RNA-binding activity inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.7 μM.
    Ro 08-2750
  • HY-101518
    Alrizomadlin
    		Inducer 98.67%
    Alrizomadlin (APG-115) is an orally active MDM2 protein inhibitor binding to MDM2 protein with IC50 and Ki values of 3.8 nM and 1 nM, respectively. Alrizomadlin blocks the interaction of MDM2 and p53 and induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner.
    Alrizomadlin
  • HY-18756
    NSC-87877
    		Inducer ≥99.0%
    NSC-87877 is a potent inhibitor of Shp2 and Shp1 protein tyrosine phosphatases (SH-PTP2 and SH-PTP1), with IC50 values of 0.318 μM, 0.355 μM shp2 and shp1, respectively. NSC-87877 also inhibits dual-specificity phosphatase 26 (DUSP26).
    NSC-87877
  • HY-17423
    Abacavir
    		Inducer 98.97%
    Abacavir is an orally active and competitive nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Abacavir can inhibits the replication of HIV. Abacavir shows anticancer activity in prostate cancer cell lines. Abacavir can trespass the blood-brain-barrier and suppresses telomerase activity.
    Abacavir
  • HY-D0261
    Tiron
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Tiron is a non-toxic chelator of a variety of metals. Tiron is cell permeable analog of vitamin E and function as hydroxyl radical and superoxide scavenger. Tiron is an orally active antioxidant. Tiron can be used to alleviate acute metal overload in animals.
    Tiron
  • HY-P1333
    Dynorphin A
    		Inducer
    Dynorphin A is an endogenous opioid peptide involved in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynorphin A is a highy potent kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and is also an agonist for other opioid receptors, such as mu (MOR) and delta (DOR). Dynorphin A can induce neuronal death, and can be used in the research of neurological disease.
    Dynorphin A
  • HY-135899
    SIRT7 inhibitor 97491
    		Inducer 98.81%
    SIRT7 inhibitor 97491, a potent SIRT7 inhibitor with an IC50 of 325 nM, reduces deacetylase activity of SIRT7 in a dose-dependent manner. SIRT7 inhibitor 97491 prevents tumor progression by increasing p53 stability through acetylation at K373/382. SIRT7 inhibitor 97491 promotes apoptosis through caspase pathway..
    SIRT7 inhibitor 97491
  • HY-N0621
    Morin
    		Activator
    Morin is an orally active plant-derived flavonoid. Morin inhibits ROS generation. Morin induces Apoptosis. Morin inhibits PTP1B (IC50 of 15 μM) and activates the insulin receptor. Morin has a detoxifying effect. Morin can be used in diabetes, leukemia, colon cancer, cervical cancer, Parkinson's disease and hypertension research.
    Morin
  • HY-N0636
    Eriocitrin
    		Inducer 99.84%
    Eriocitrin is a flavonoid isolated from lemons that is a powerful antioxidant. Eriocitrin inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells by arresting the cell cycle in the S phase by upregulating p53, cyclin A, cyclin D3 and CDK6. Eriocitrin triggers apoptosis by activating intrinsic signaling pathways involving mitochondria.
    Eriocitrin
  • HY-N0031
    Plantamajoside
    		Activator 99.80%
    Plantamajoside is an orally active phenylpropanoid glycoside. Plantamajoside can be isolated from Plantago asiatica L.(Plantaginaceae). Plantamajoside inactivates NF-κB, PI3K/akt, induces Apoptosis, and improves Autophagy. Plantamajoside regulates MAPK, integrin-linked kinase/c-Src. Plantamajoside inhibits multiple cancers, improves lung and kidney damage. Plantamajoside has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
    Plantamajoside
  • HY-108599
    DCP-LA
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    DCP-LA (FR236924), a linoleic acid derivative, selectively and directly activates PKCε. DCP-LA activates Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and inhibits protein phosphatase-1 (PP-1) to stimulate AMPA receptor exocytosis. DCP-LA inhibits activation of caspase-3/-9 and protects neurons at least in part from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis.
    DCP-LA
  • HY-B0689A
    Indinavir sulfate
    		Inducer 99.97%
    Indinavir sulfate (MK-639) is an orally active and selective HIV-1 protease inhibitor with a Ki of 0.54 nM for PR. Indinavir sulfate exhibits anticancer activity by inhibiting the activation of MMPs-2 hydrolysis, anti-angiogenesis and inducing apoptosis. Indinavir sulfate is also a SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor.
    Indinavir sulfate
  • HY-16231
    GGTI-2418
    		Inhibitor 98.29%
    GGTI-2418 is a highly potent, competitive, and selective geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase I) inhibitor. GGTI-2418 inhibits GGTase I and FTase activities with IC50s of 9.5 nM and 53 μM, respectively. GGTI-2418 also increases p27(Kip1) and induces significant regression of breast tumors.
    GGTI-2418
  • HY-15425A
    PF-543 Citrate
    		Inducer 99.47%
    PF-543 Citrate (Sphingosine Kinase 1 Inhibitor II Citrate) is a potent, selective, reversible and sphingosine-competitive SPHK1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 2 nM and a Ki of 3.6 nM. PF-543 Citrate is >100-fold selectivity for SPHK1 over SPHK2. PF-543 Citrate is an effective potent inhibitor of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) formation in whole blood with an IC50 of 26.7 nM. PF-543 Citrate induces apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy.
    PF-543 Citrate
  • HY-18340
    (R)​-​CR8
    		Inducer 99.61%
    (R)​-​CR8 (CR8), a second-generation analog of Roscovitine, is a potent CDK1/2/5/7/9 inhibitor. (R)​-​CR8 inhibits CDK1/cyclin B (IC50=0.09 μM), CDK2/cyclin A (0.072 μM), CDK2/cyclin E (0.041 μM), CDK5/p25 (0.11 μM), CDK7/cyclin H (1.1 μM), CDK9/cyclin T (0.18 μM) and CK1δ/ε (0.4 μM). (R)​-​CR8 induces apoptosis and has neuroprotective effect. (R)-CR8 acts as a molecular glue degrader that depletes cyclin K.
    (R)​-​CR8
  • HY-135797A
    DB1976 dihydrochloride
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    DB1976 dihydrochloride is a selenophene analog of DB270 and a potent and cell-permeable fully efficacious transcription factor PU.1 inhibitor. DB1976 dihydrochloride potently inhibits PU.1 binding (IC50 of 10 nM) and strongly inhibits the PU.1/DNA complex (with high DB1976-λB affinity, KD of 12 nM) in vitro. DB1976 dihydrochloride has apoptosis-inducing effect.
    DB1976 dihydrochloride
  • HY-N6722
    Swainsonine
    		Inducer ≥99.0%
    Swainsonine (Tridolgosir) is an natural indolizidine alkaloid, a potent and reversible α-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Swainsonine shows anti-tumor activity.
    Swainsonine
  • HY-N0361
    Dihydrocapsaicin
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Dihydrocapsaicin, a capsaicin, is a potent and selective TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 1) agonist. Dihydrocapsaicin reduces AIF, Bax, and Caspase-3 expressions, and increased Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and p-Akt levels. Dihydrocapsaicin enhances the hypothermia-induced neuroprotection following ischemic stroke via PI3K/Akt regulation in rat.
    Dihydrocapsaicin
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity