2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-129337
    Reveromycin A
    		Inducer 99.00%
    Reveromycin A, a benzoquinoid antibiotic isolated from the genus Streptomyces, is a selective inhibitor of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. Reveromycin A inhibits bone resorption by inducing apoptosis specifically in osteoclasts. Reveromycin A has antiproliferative activity against tumor cell lines and antifungal activity.
    Reveromycin A
  • HY-103615
    Thalidomide-O-amido-C4-N3
    		Inducer 98.36%
    Thalidomide-O-amido-C4-N3 is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology. Thalidomide-O-amido-C4-N3 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
    Thalidomide-O-amido-C4-N3
  • HY-N6033
    Ferruginol
    		Inducer
    Ferruginol ((+)-Ferruginol), a natural diterpenoid, is an inhibitor of the activation of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA). Ferruginol inhibits the growth of thyroid cancer cells through the induction of mitochondrial apoptosis. Ferruginol has antitumor, cardioprotective, antioxidant, gastroprotective, and neuroprotective activities.
    Ferruginol
  • HY-139659
    ARD-61
    		Inducer 99.68%
    ARD-61 is a highly potent, effective and specific PROTAC androgen receptor (AR) degrader. ARD-61 potently and effectively induces AR and progesterone receptors (PR) degradation in AR+ cancer cell lines. ARD-61 induces apoptosis and effectively induces tumor growth inhibition in the MDA-MB-453 xenograft model in mice. ARD-61 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    ARD-61
  • HY-122760
    Bax activator-1
    		Activator 98.45%
    Bax activator-1 (compound 106) is a Bax activator that induces Bax-dependent tumor cell apoptosis.
    Bax activator-1
  • HY-156285
    ZZM-1220
    		Inducer 98.74%
    ZZM-1220 is a histone lysine methyltransferase G9a/GLP covalent inhibitor with IC50s of of 458 nM and 924 nM, respectively. ZZM-1220 inhibits H3K9me2 in cells and significantly induces apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and blocks the cell cycle in the G2/M phase.
    ZZM-1220
  • HY-N0290R
    Mangiferin (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Mangiferin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mangiferin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mangiferin is a Nrf2 activator. Mangiferin suppresses nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50. Mangiferin exhibits antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperuricemic, antiviral, anticancer and antiinflammatory activities.
    Mangiferin (Standard)
  • HY-108640A
    HLI373 dihydrochloride
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    HLI373 dihydrochloride is an efficacious Hdm2 inhibitor. HLI373 dihydrochloride inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of Hdm2. HLI373 dihydrochloride is effective in inducing apoptosis of several tumor cells that are sensitive to DNA-damaging agents. Antimalarial activity.
    HLI373 dihydrochloride
  • HY-136162
    Thalidomide-4-O-C2-NH2 hydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.37%
    Thalidomide-4-O-C2-NH2 hydrochloride is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.
    Thalidomide-4-O-C2-NH2 hydrochloride
  • HY-171047
    Autophagy inducer 7
    		Activator 99.45%
    Autophagy inducer 7 (Compound SSA) is an Autophagy and Apoptosis inducer. Autophagy inducer 7 activates autophagy by inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling and the expression of downstream proteins. Autophagy inducer 7 suppresses DNA synthesis and causes a G0-G1 cell-cycle arrest. Autophagy inducer 7 inhibits tumor cell growth.
    Autophagy inducer 7
  • HY-162325
    WJ-39
    		Inhibitor 99.60%
    WJ-39 is an orally active aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor. WJ-39 improves tubular damage in diabetic nephropathy rats by activating PINK1/Parkin signaling, promoting mitophagy, and attenuating apoptosis.
    WJ-39
  • HY-120395
    UC-514321
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    UC-514321, a structural analog of NSC370284 with higher activity, directly targets STAT3/5 and represses TET1 expression, but not TET2 or TET3. UC-514321 has the potential to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) both in vitro and in vivo, with low toxicity.
    UC-514321
  • HY-156437
    NBI-961
    		Inducer 99.73%
    NBI-961 is a potent NEK2 inhibitor that inhibits proteasomal degradation. NBI-961 induces G2/mitosis arrest and apoptosis in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells.
    NBI-961
  • HY-118304B
    AKN-028 acetate
    		Inducer 98.38%
    AKN-028 acetate, a novel tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor, is a potent, orally active FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 6 nM. AKN-028 acetate inhibits FLT3 autophosphorylation. AKN-028 acetate induces dose-dependent cytotoxic response (mean IC50=1 μM). AKN-028 acetate induces apoptosisby activation of caspase 3. AKN-028 acetate can be used in research of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
    AKN-028 acetate
  • HY-P2343
    BH3 hydrochloride
    		Activator 98.02%
    BH3 hydrochloride, a BBB penetrated peptide, provoke apoptosis either by direct activation of pro-apoptotic Bax/Bak or by neutralizing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1 and A-1) via their BH3 domian.
    BH3 hydrochloride
  • HY-B0657
    Clodronic acid
    		Inducer 99.41%
    Clodronic acid is an orally active bisphosphonate, which is used for researching osteoporosis and diseases associated with excessive bone resorption. Clodronic acid inhibits bone resorption through induction of osteoclast apoptosis. Clodronic acid is effective in the maintenance or improvement of bone mineral density.
    Clodronic acid
  • HY-147858
    PROTAC EGFR degrader 7
    		Inducer 99.99%
    PROTAC EGFR degrader 7 (compound 13b) is a potent and selective CRBN-recruiting PROTAC EGFRL858R/T790M degrader, with a DC50 of 13.2 nM. PROTAC EGFR degrader 7 inhibits NCI–H1975 cells proliferation, with an IC50 of 46.82 nM. PROTAC EGFR degrader 7 significantly induces apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in NCI–H1975 cell. PROTAC EGFR degrader 7 shows antitumor activity, and can be used for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) research. PROTAC EGFR degrader 7 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    PROTAC EGFR degrader 7
  • HY-134983
    Thalidomide-Piperazine 5-fluoride
    		Inducer
    Thalidomide-Piperazine 5-fluoride is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.
    Thalidomide-Piperazine 5-fluoride
  • HY-B0691A
    Ecabet sodium
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Ecabet sodium (TA-2711) is currently applied to some gastrointestinal disease by inhibiting the ROS production and improving Helicobacter pylori eradication. Ecabet sodium reduces apoptosis.
    Ecabet sodium
  • HY-N2303
    Eriocalyxin B
    		Inducer 99.93%
    Eriocalyxin B is a diterpenoid compound that can be isolated from Chinese herb Isodon eriocalyx. Eriocalyxin B exhibits multiple activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and inhibition of adipogenesis. Eriocalyxin B is capable of inducing apoptosis and autophagy in tumor cells. Eriocalyxin B can be used in the research of cancers, autoimmune diseases, and other conditions.
    Eriocalyxin B
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity