2. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
  3. P2X Receptor
  4. α,β-Methylene-ATP

α,β-Methylene-ATP is an agonist of P2X1 and P2X3 receptors and can cross the blood-brain barrier. α,β-Methylene-ATP can trigger a reflex pressor response by activating P2X receptors in peripheral muscles and the central locus coeruleus (LC); this effect can be blocked by the P2X antagonist PPADS (HY-108960). α,β-Methylene-ATP also activates noradrenergic neurons in the central locus coeruleus, mediating antinociceptive effects; this effect can be attenuated by the locus coeruleus damaging agent DSP-4 (HY-103210/HY-121602). α,β-Methylene-ATP can be used to study the pathological mechanisms of neuropathic pain, cardiovascular reflex regulation, and antinociceptive effects of the central nervous system.

The free form of the compound is prone to instability, it is advisable to consider the stable salt form (α,β-Methylene-ATP trisodium) that retains the same biological activity.

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α,β-Methylene-ATP Chemical Structure

α,β-Methylene-ATP Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 7292-42-4

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Other Forms of α,β-Methylene-ATP:

α,β-Methylene-ATP Related Antibodies

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Description

α,β-Methylene-ATP is an agonist of P2X1 and P2X3 receptors and can cross the blood-brain barrier. α,β-Methylene-ATP can trigger a reflex pressor response by activating P2X receptors in peripheral muscles and the central locus coeruleus (LC); this effect can be blocked by the P2X antagonist PPADS (HY-108960). α,β-Methylene-ATP also activates noradrenergic neurons in the central locus coeruleus, mediating antinociceptive effects; this effect can be attenuated by the locus coeruleus damaging agent DSP-4 (HY-103210/HY-121602). α,β-Methylene-ATP can be used to study the pathological mechanisms of neuropathic pain, cardiovascular reflex regulation, and antinociceptive effects of the central nervous system[1][2][3].

In Vitro

Electrophysiological activity: α,β-Methylene-ATP (10 μM; 3 seconds) evokes a fast inward current in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, associated with P2X3 receptor activation. 10 μM Diinosine pentaphosphate (Ip5I) can significantly inhibit this inward current[1].
α,β-Methylene-ATP (10 μM; transient) enhances the amplitude of the current evoked by Acetylcholine (HY-B0282) in rat adrenal medullary chromaffin cells and increases the proportion of the current sensitive to α-conotoxin RgIA (HY-P5845)[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

α,β-Methylene-ATP Related Antibodies
In Vivo

α,β-Methylene-ATP (5-50 μg/kg; left popliteal artery injection; single dose) induces a reflex pressor response in the decerebrate cat model, which is blocked by sciatic nerve transection or the P2X receptor antagonist PPADS (HY-108960) (10 mg/kg; left popliteal artery injection)[2].
α,β-Methylene-ATP (10 nmol/rat; intracerebroventricular injection; single dose) produces an anti-mechanical nociceptive effect in Sprague-Dawley rats, which is significantly attenuated by pretreatment with DSP-4 (HY-121602/HY-103210) (10 mg/kg DSP-4; intraperitoneal injection)[3].
α,β-Methylene-ATP (0.1-1 nmol/side; bilateral microinjection into the locus coeruleus; single dose) increases the pain threshold of Sprague-Dawley rats in a dose-dependent manner, an effect that could be antagonized by co-injection of PPADS (HY-108960) (0.1-1 nmol/side)[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Decerebrate cats[2]
Dosage: 5, 20, 50 µg/kg
Administration: Left popliteal artery injection, single dose
Result: Significantly increased mean arterial pressure.
The pressor response was attenuated by sciatic nerve section and completely blocked by prior popliteal artery injection of PPADS (10 mg/kg), indicating involvement of P2X receptors in muscle afferents.
Animal Model: Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 180-250 g, 6-8 weeks old)[3]
Dosage: 10 nmol/rat
Administration: Intracerebroventricular injection, single dose
Result: Elevated the mechanical nociceptive threshold by 63.6% at 5 min post-injection. Pretreatment with DSP-4 (50 mg/kg, i.p.), a noradrenergic neurotoxin, reduced the antinociceptive effect to baseline levels, suggesting involvement of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons.
Animal Model: Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 180-250 g, 6-8 weeks old)[3]
Dosage: 0.1-1 nmol/side
Administration: Bilateral locus coeruleus microinjection, single dose, no cycle
Result: Dose-dependently increased the nociceptive threshold (peak at 5 min, 117.9% above control at 1 nmol/side).
Co-injection of PPADS (1 nmol/side) completely antagonized the antinociceptive effect, confirming P2X receptor-mediated mechanism.
Molecular Weight

505.21

Formula

C11H18N5O12P3
CAS No.
SMILES

OP(OP(CP(OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)O1)(O)=O)(O)=O)(O)=O
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Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
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α,β-Methylene-ATP Related Classifications

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Keywords:

α,β-Methylene-ATP7292-42-4P2X ReceptorP2XRsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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