2. Academic Validation
  3. In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Tyrosol and Tryptophol: Metabolites of Yeast via the Ehrlich Pathway

In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Tyrosol and Tryptophol: Metabolites of Yeast via the Ehrlich Pathway

  • Biol Pharm Bull. 2025;48(2):115-118. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00625.
Toshio Niwa 1,  Yoji Kato 2,  Toshihiko Osawa 3
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Shubun University, 6 Nikko-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0938, Japan.
  • 2 School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan.
  • 3 Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological & Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi 470-0195, Japan.
PMID: 39938894 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00625
Abstract

Soy isoflavonoids were applied to commercially available baker's yeast in vitro to find metabolites. Tyrosol, an ingredient in olive oil and wine, and tryptophol were found in the culture media. To test whether tyrosol is a metabolite of soy isoflavonoids, we prepared 2,4-dideuterated equol and applied it to yeast. According to LC-MS analysis of the culture media, deuterated tyrosol was not produced. Therefore, tyrosol is assumed to be a tyrosine metabolite of yeast known as the Ehrlich pathway. We then evaluated the in vitro activities of the 2 amino acid-derived alcohols. Both tyrosol and tryptophol similarly showed anti-inflammatory activity, as evaluated by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes in vitro. Our results suggested that the amino acid-derived alcohols may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of fermented foods.

Keywords

equol; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; tryptophol; tyrosol; yeast.

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