2. Induced Disease Models Products GPCR/G Protein Apoptosis
  3. Cardiovascular System Disease Models Angiotensin Receptor Apoptosis
  4. Hypertension Models
  5. Angiotensin II human TFA

Angiotensin II human TFA  (Synonyms: Angiotensin II TFA; Ang II TFA; DRVYIHPF TFA)

Cat. No.: HY-13948B Purity: 98.84%
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Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) TFA is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human TFA plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human TFA stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human TFA induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human TFA also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II human TFA induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway.

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Angiotensin II human TFA Chemical Structure

Angiotensin II human TFA Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 2761969-44-0

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Based on 138 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Angiotensin II human TFA:

Angiotensin II human TFA Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

132 Publications Citing Use of MCE Angiotensin II human TFA

RT-PCR
WB

    Angiotensin II human TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2023 Apr 24;111938.  [Abstract]

    Angiotensin II human (Ang II; 1 μM; 48 h) increases the expression of MFN1, t-CaMKⅡ and p-CaMKⅡ and decreases the expression of SERCA2 in NMCMs.

    Angiotensin II human TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomedicines. 2022, 10(12), 3131.

    Angiotensin II human (Ang II; 100 nM; 24 h) pretreatment significantly increases both the mRNA level of CtBP1 during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis.

    Angiotensin II human TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomedicines. 2022, 10(12), 3131.

    Angiotensin II human (Ang II; 100 nM; 24 h) pretreatment significantly increases both the protein level of CtBP1 during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis.

    Angiotensin II human TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Transl Med. 2021 Jul 21;13(603):eaaz4959.  [Abstract]

    Cultured human renal 786-O cells were stimulated with vehicle, AngII (50μM), AngII + Telmisartan (1μM), AngII + PD123319 (50μM) for 12 hrs. Cells were harvested and EPO protein abundance was detected by Western blot.

    Angiotensin II human TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Transl Med. 2021 Jul 21;13(603):eaaz4959.  [Abstract]

    SMC was stimulated with vehicle and AngII of 10-8 M, 10-7 M, 10-6 M,10-5 M and 10-4 M, respectively, for 24 hrs. Cells were harvested and EPO protein abundance measured by Western blot.

    Angiotensin II human TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2020 Apr;121:105703.  [Abstract]

    HPMCs are treated with 5.6 mM glucose (NG) or with 236 mM glucose (HG), or 100 nM AngII (AngII), or 236 mM glucose plus 10 mM valsartan (HGþvalsartan), or 100 nM AngII plus 10 mM valsartan (AngIIþvalsartan) for 24 h. The protein levels of p-mTOR, mTOR, p-4EBP1, 4EBP1, p-S6K1, and S6K1 are examined by Western blot analysis.

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    Description

    Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) TFA is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human TFA plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human TFA stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human TFA induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human TFA also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II human TFA induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway[1][2][3][4].

    IC50 & Target

    AT2 Receptor

     

    AT1 Receptor

     

    In Vitro

    Most of the known actions of Angiotensin II (Ang II) human are mediated by AT1 receptors, the AT2 receptor contributes to the regulation of blood pressure and renal function[1].
    Angiotensin II human raises blood pressure (BP) by a number of actions, the most important ones being vasoconstriction, sympathetic nervous stimulation, increased aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Other Angiotensin II human actions include induction of growth, cell migration, and mitosis of vascular smooth muscle cells, increased synthesis of collagen type I and III in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. These actions are mediated by type 1 Ang II receptors (AT1)[2].
    Angiotensin II (1 nM) TFA induces the expression of LOX-1 and VEGF and enhances capillary formation from human coronary endothelial cells in Matrigel assay. Angiotensin II-mediated expression of LOX-1 and VEGF, capillary formation, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, and phosphorylation of p38 as well as p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases, are suppressed by anti-LOX-1 antibody, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor apocynin and the Ang II type 1 receptor blocker Losartan, but not by the Ang II type 2 receptor blocker PD123319[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Angiotensin II human TFA Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Angiotensin II human (TFA) can be used to induce models of hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and abdominal aortic aneurysm[7][8][9][10][11].

    Angiotensin II (TFA) is internalized by various cell types through receptor-mediated endocytosis and is highly enriched in tissues such as the heart, kidney, and adrenal glands. The concentration in skeletal muscle tissue is 8%-41% of the plasma concentration, 64%-150% in the heart, 340%-550% in the kidney, and as high as 680%-2100% in the adrenal gland. It takes only about 5 minutes for Angiotensin II (TFA) in plasma to reach a steady-state concentration, while it takes 30-60 minutes to reach a steady-state concentration in tissues. The half-life of Angiotensin II (TFA) in the circulation system is extremely short (about 0.5 minutes), while in the heart, kidney, and adrenal tissues, the in vivo half-life of Angiotensin II formed after endocytosis is significantly extended to about 15 minutes[10].
    1. Induction of hypertension[7]
    Background
    Angiotensin II human induces hypertension by activating AT1 receptors, leading to vasoconstriction, sodium and water retention, sympathetic nervous system activation, and oxidative stress.
    Specific Modeling Methods
    Mice: C57/BL6J • male and female • 12-16 wk old • 21-27 g
    Administration: 800 ng/kg/min, 0.003 mL/min • 7 days • sc, osmotic pump implanted subcutaneously
    Note
    Effect of gender: Chronic ANG II-induced hypertension differs by gender in awake mice. Female mice may be protected from the ANG II-induced increase in blood pressure.
    Modeling Indicators
    Key Factor: Blood pressure ↑ on day 7, blood pressure in male was greater than in female.
    Correlated Product(s): /
    Opposite Product(s): /

    2. Induction of Cardiac Hypertrophy[8][9]
    Background
    Angiotensin II human induces cardiac hypertrophy by activating the AT1 receptor, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix remodeling, which cause myocardial cell proliferation and hypertrophy.
    Specific Modeling Methods
    Mice: C57/BL6J • male • 8 wk old &bull
    Administration: 2 μg/kg/min • 4 weeks • sc, osmotic pump implanted subcutaneously
    Note
    Modeling Indicators
    Indicator changes: Blood pressure in WT mice increased significantly.
    Appearance monitoring: cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
    Correlated Product(s): /
    Opposite Product(s): Eplerenone (HY-B0251)

    3. Abdominal aortic aneurysm model[11]
    Pathogenic mechanism
    Angiotensin II induces atherosclerosis by stimulating monocyte recruitment, macrophage activation, and enhancing oxidative stress, ultimately leading to local dilation and thinning of the abdominal aorta in mice and the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
    Specific modeling method
    Mice: ApoE–/– mice • female • 6-month-old
    Administration: 500 or 1000 ng/min/kg • s.c. • 28 days
    Modeling success index
    Cellular changes: Increased in lipid-laden macrophages and lymphocytes in the aortic intima.
    Phenotype observation: There are a large number of atherosclerotic lesions in the mice. The size of the abdominal area of the aorta is significantly increased, there is a large amount of adventitial tissue, and blood clots exist in the adventitial tissue, and new blood vessels appear on the outer surface.
    Similar products /
    Antagonist products(±)-Clopidogrel bisulfate (HY-107867)

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    1046.18 (free acid)

    Formula

    C50H71N13O12.xC2HF3O2
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    Sequence

    Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
    Sequence Shortening

    DRVYIHPF
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    Sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen

    Powder -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 10 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)

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    Angiotensin II human TFA Related Classifications

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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Angiotensin II human2761969-44-0Angiotensin IIAng IIDRVYIHPFAngiotensin ReceptorApoptosisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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