2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-109547
    Diclofenac epolamine
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Flector Patch (Diclofenac epolamine) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Flector Patch is used for relieving arthritis Pain, acute Pain, osteoarthritis, and actinic Keratosis. Flector Patch has good skin absorption characteristics without local adverse reactions and allergies.
    Diclofenac epolamine
  • HY-15123
    (S)-Flurbiprofen
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    (S)-Flurbiprofen is an active enantiomer of Flurbiprofen, with IC50 values of 0.48 μM and 0.47 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
    (S)-Flurbiprofen
  • HY-105028
    Tenidap
    		Inhibitor 99.32%
    Tenidap, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is a selective COX-1 inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.03 μM and 1.2 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tenidap has anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic properties. Tenidap is also a specific SLC26A3 inhibitor.
    Tenidap
  • HY-B0440
    Tenoxicam
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Tenoxicam (Ro-12-0068), an antiinflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties.
    Tenoxicam
  • HY-N0523S
    Gallic acid-d2
    		99.59%
    Gallic acid-d2 is the deuterium labeled Gallic acid. Gallic acid (3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a natural polyhydroxyphenolic compound and an free radical scavenger to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Gallic acid has various activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticance activities.
    Gallic acid-d<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-B0578
    Loxoprofen
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    Loxoprofen is a non-steroidal, orally active anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and anti-pyretic properties. Loxoprofen is a nonselective COX inhibitor with IC50s of 6.5 and 13.5 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Loxoprofen can reduce atherosclerosis and shows antitumor activity.
    Loxoprofen
  • HY-128463
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone is a nitrone-based free radical scavenger that forms nitroxide spin adducts. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone inhibits COX2 catalytic activity. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone has potent ROS scavenging, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-aging and anti-diabetic activities, and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone
  • HY-N2454
    β-Elemonic acid
    		Activator 99.90%
    β-Elemonic acid is a triterpene isolated from Boswellia carterii. β-Elemonic acid induces cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and COX-2 expression and inhibits prolyl endopeptidase. β-Elemonic acid exhibits anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects.
    β-Elemonic acid
  • HY-103387
    DuP-697
    		Inhibitor 99.67%
    DuP-697 is a member of the vicinal diaryl heterocycles and a potent, irreversible, selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor (IC50 of 10 nM and 800 nM for human COX-2 and COX-1, respectively). DuP-697 exerts antiproliferative (IC50 of 42.8 nM), antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects on HT29 colorectal cancer cells. DuP-697 inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antipyretic effects.
    DuP-697
  • HY-15491
    AG-024322
    		Inhibitor 98.53%
    AG-024322 is a potent ATP-competitive pan-CDK inhibitor against cell cycle kinases CDK1, CDK2, and CDK4 with Ki values in the 1-3 nM range. AG-024322 displays broad-spectrum anti-tumor activity and clear target modulation in vivo. AG-024322 induces cell apoptosis.
    AG-024322
  • HY-N3245
    Moracin C
    		Inhibitor 99.54%
    Moracin C, a natural product, is an anti-inflammatory agent. Moracin C inhibits LPS-activated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) release from cells.
    Moracin C
  • HY-N2518
    Agnuside
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Agnuside is used in the study of asthma, inflammation, and angiogenic diseases. Agnuside is an orally active compound that can be extracted from Vitex negundo.
    Agnuside
  • HY-100438
    Hydronidone
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Hydronidone is an orally active pyridine derivative. Hydronidone is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX) as well as TGF-β. Hydronidone induces mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptosis. Hydronidone can be used for liver fibrosis, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer study.
    Hydronidone
  • HY-N0911
    Rehmannioside A
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Rehmannioside A is a compound that can be isolated from Rehmanniae radix. Rehmannioside A is an inhibitor of CYP3A4, 2C9 and 2D6, with IC50 values of 10.08, 12.62 and 16.43 μM, respectively. Rehmannioside A has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-ferroptosis, cognitive improvement and neuroprotective activities. Rehmannioside A can be used for the research of nervous system and inflammation-related diseases.
    Rehmannioside A
  • HY-Y1117
    Melamine
    		Inducer 99.17%
    Melamine is an orally active inducer of Apoptosis. Melamine induces animal disease models. Melamine affects the activity of Sertoli cell and can be used for research on male reproductive function. Melamine also has neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Melamine induces cognitive impairment and acute kidney injury models. Melamine can also be used to induce bladder cancer and urinary stone models.
    Melamine
  • HY-76383
    LR-90
    		Inhibitor 99.59%
    LR-90 is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor, inhibits inflammatory responses in human monocytes. LR-90 is also used in the research of diabetic animal model.
    LR-90
  • HY-105024
    FPL 62064
    		Inhibitor 99.25%
    FPL 62064 is a potent 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and COX dual inhibitor, with IC50 values of 3.5 μM and 3.1 μM for RBL-1 cytosolic 5-lipoxygenase and prostaglandin synthetase (cyclooxygenase), respectively. FPL 62064 has potent anti-inflammatory activity.
    FPL 62064
  • HY-135731
    4-Methylamino antipyrine
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    4-Methylamino antipyrine is an active metabolite of Metamizole. Metamizole is a pyrazolone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and inhibits COX. Metamizole is an nonopioid analgesic agent and can be used for pain and fever. 4-Methylamino antipyrine has analgesic, antipyretic, and relatively weak antiinflammatory properties.
    4-Methylamino antipyrine
  • HY-N0929
    Hexahydrocurcumin
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Hexahydrocurcumin is one of the major metabolites of curcumin and a selective, orally active COX-2 inhibitor. Hexahydrocurcumin is inactive against COX-1. Hexahydrocurcumin has antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Hexahydrocurcumin
  • HY-B0531
    Triflusal
    		Inhibitor 99.83%
    Triflusal irreversibly inhibits the production of thromboxane-B2 in platelets by acetylating cycloxygenase-1.
    Triflusal
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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