2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-137149
    Lonazolac hemicalcium
    		Inhibitor
    Lonazolac (hemicalcium) is the calcium salt form of Lonazolac. Lonazolac is a nonsteroidal antirheumatic agent with anti-inflammatory properties.
    Lonazolac hemicalcium
  • HY-N8184
    4,4'-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxydihydrochalcone
    		Inhibitor 99.64%
    4,4'-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxydihydrochalcone exhibits COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity.
    4,4'-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxydihydrochalcone
  • HY-147794
    CDK9-IN-41
    		Inhibitor 98.84%
    CDK9-IN-41 is a potent CDK9, EGFR, HER2, and COX-2 kinases inhibitor with IC50s of 192.81 nM, 254.03 nM, 238.81 nM, and 775 nM. COX-2-IN-18 exhibits remarkable antitumor activity against leukemia cancer cells, colon cancer cells, melanoma cells, ovarian cells and breast cells.
    CDK9-IN-41
  • HY-17509R
    Deracoxib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Deracoxib (SC 046; SC 59046) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Deracoxib (HY-17509). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Deracoxib, an orally active COX-2 inhibitor, is a veterinary nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent used exclusively in dogs. Deracoxib inhibits the COX-2 enzyme to reduce the production of prostaglandins, effectively controlling pain and inflammation after canine soft tissue surgery. Deracoxib reduces the inhibition of COX-1 and lowers the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Deracoxib induces tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and shows anti-tumor activity in canine osteosarcoma, breast tumors and bladder transitional cell carcinomas
    Deracoxib (Standard)
  • HY-W339645
    Naproxen ethyl ester
    		Inhibitor
    Naproxen ethyl ester ((S)-Naproxen ethyl ester) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with activity in relieving pain, fever, swelling and stiffness. Naproxen ethyl ester exerts its effects by inhibiting non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX). The R-(-)-isomer of Naproxen ethyl ester shows stronger immunogenicity, and the Michaelis-Menten parameter of its catalytic reaction is K(M)=6.67 mM, and the catalytic efficiency is 5.8 x 10^4 times higher than that of the non-catalytic reaction.
    Naproxen ethyl ester
  • HY-B0808R
    Oxaprozin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Oxaprozin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxaprozin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxaprozin is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor, with IC50 values of 2.2 μM for human platelet COX-1 and and 36 μM for IL-1-stimulated human synovial cell COX-2, respectively. Oxaprozin also inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Oxaprozin induces cell apoptosis. Oxaprozin shows anti-inflammatory activity. Oxaprozin-mediated inhibition of the Akt/IKK/NF-κB pathway contributes to its anti-inflammatory properties.
    Oxaprozin (Standard)
  • HY-N0261R
    Aurantio-obtusin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Aurantio-obtusin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aurantio-obtusin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aurantio-obtusin is a anthraquinone compound that can be extracted from cassia seed. Aurantio-obtusin has the effects of decreasing blood pressure, decreasing blood lipids and anti-inflammatory.Aurantio-obtusin is an orally active vasodilator. Aurantio-obtusin ameliorates hepatic steatosis through AMPK/ autophagy-and AMPK/TFEB mediated inhibition of lipid accumulation.
    Aurantio-obtusin (Standard)
  • HY-119960
    AHR-10037
    		Inhibitor
    AHR-10037 is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with low gastric toxicity. AHR-10037 is a prodrug converted in vivo to a cyclooxygenase inhibitor.
    AHR-10037
  • HY-15029S2
    (±)-Naproxen-13C,d3
    (±)-Naproxen-13C,d3 is the deuterium and 13C labeled (±)-Naproxen. (±)-Naproxen ((Rac)-Naproxen) is a racemate of Naproxen (HY-15030). Naproxen is a COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50s of 8.72 and 5.15 μM, respectively.
    (±)-Naproxen-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-159561
    COX-1-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    COX-1-IN-2 (compound 5h) is an anti-inflammatory agent with potent analgesic activity. COX-1-IN-2 exhibits a significant inhibitory effect on COX-1 (IC50=38.76 nM).
    COX-1-IN-2
  • HY-B1456AS
    Fenoprofen-13C6 sodium hydrate
    		Inhibitor
    Fenoprofen-13C6 (LILLY-53858-13C6) sodium hydrate is the 13C labeled Fenoprofen (HY-B1456A).Fenoprofen (LILLY-53858) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) and inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX). Fenoprofen is a melanocortin receptors (MCRs) positive allosteric modulator (PAM). Fenoprofen also increases ERK1/2 activation in HEK293T cells. Fenoprofen has anti-arthritic activities and can be used for the study of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
    Fenoprofen-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub> sodium hydrate
  • HY-146198
    COX-2-IN-19
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-19 (Compound 24) is a potent COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.76 μM. COX-2-IN-19 shows in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-2-IN-19
  • HY-115935
    COX-2-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-8 (compound 6a) is a potent, selective, and orally active inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 of 6.585 uM. COX-2-IN-8 has higher COX-2 selectivity than Celecoxib. COX-2-IN-8 shows good in vivo anti-inflammatory and low ulcerogenic activity.
    COX-2-IN-8
  • HY-168888
    COX-2-IN-52
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-52 (Compound 5l) is an orally active and selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 54 nM. COX-2-IN-52 can inhibit the release of NO in cells and has anti-inflammatory activity. COX-2-IN-52 has high gastrointestinal safety and can be used in the research of oral anti-inflammatory drugs.
    COX-2-IN-52
  • HY-155764
    COX-1/2-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    COX-1/2-IN-4 (compound 2b) is anCOX inhibitorwith IC50 values of 0.239 μM and 0.191 μM for COX-1 enzyme and COX-2 enzyme , respectively. COX-1/2-IN-4showsmoderateanticanceractivity against COLO205 and B16F1 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 30.79 and 74.15 μM, respectively.
    COX-1/2-IN-4
  • HY-150548
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-1 (Compound 14) is a COX-2 and 15-lipoxygenase enzyme (15-LOX) inhibitor with IC50 values of 10.65, 0.075 and 2.98 μM against COX-1, COX-2 and 15-LOX, respectively. COX-2/15-LOX-IN-1 shows anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-1
  • HY-155133
    COX-2-IN-34
    		Inhibitor 98.87%
    COX-2-IN-34 (compound 8a) is a selective and orally active inhibitor of COX-2 , with an IC50 of 0.42 μM. COX-2-IN-34 has no gastric ulcer toxicity but has anti-inflammatory effects.
    COX-2-IN-34
  • HY-106579S
    Tiaprofenic acid-d3
    Tiaprofenic acid-d3 is a deuterium labeled Tiaprofenic acid. Tiaprofenic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) mainly used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases.
    Tiaprofenic acid-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W778179
    Benoxaprofen-13C,d3
    Benoxaprofen-13C,d3 (LRCL 3794-13C,d3) is the deuterium and 13C-labeled Benoxaprofen (HY-13568). Benoxaprofen (LRCL 3794) is a potent and long-acting anti-inflammatory and antipyretic compound. Benoxaprofen is a relatively weak inhibitor of cyclooxygenase in in vitro systems, inhibits lipoxygenase in other systems, and inhibits monocyte migration in some animal models of inflammation.
    Benoxaprofen-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B1355R
    Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate is a Phenylbutazone (HY-B0230) metabolite, with anti-inflammatory effect. Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate is an orally active non-selective COX inhibitor. Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate selectively kills non-replicating Mycobaterium tuberculosis.
    Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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