2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-162425
    Anti-inflammatory agent 78
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-inflammatory agent 78 (compound L-37) is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Anti-inflammatory agent 78 has significant potency on PGE2, PGE1, COX-2 and COX-1 inhibition. Anti-inflammatory agent 78 can inhibits NO release in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell line.
    Anti-inflammatory agent 78
  • HY-162244
    COX-2-IN-40
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-40 (compound 17) is a COX-2 inhibitor with the IC50 of 14.86 μM. COX-2-IN-40 can be used for study of chronic pain.
    COX-2-IN-40
  • HY-W002116S
    Methyl syringate-d6
    		Inhibitor
    Methyl syringate-d6 is the deuterium labeled Methyl syringate. Methyl syringate is a selective TRPA1 agonist. Methyl syringate regulates food intake and gastric emptying through a TRPA1-mediated pathway. Methyl syringate is an efficient phenolic mediator for bacterial and fungal laccases. Methyl syringate is a chemical marker of Asphodel monofloral honey. Methyl syringate contributes to the antibacterial activity of honey. Methyl syringate inhibits aflatoxin production. Methyl syringate can contribute to weight suppression. Methyl syringate can be studies for cancer prevention (e.g. lung cancer), suppression of hypoxia-induced inflammatory response and tumorigenesis.
    Methyl syringate-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-150721
    COX-2-IN-29
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-29 (Compound 15b) is a selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.005 μM.
    COX-2-IN-29
  • HY-163188
    COX-2/LOX-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/LOX-IN-2 (compound 6) is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/LOX with IC50s of 7.0 μM and 27.5 μM, respectively. COX-2/LOX-IN-2 has antioxidant activity and has the potential to be used in the development of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tNSAIDs).
    COX-2/LOX-IN-2
  • HY-B0335S1
    Tolfenamic acid-13C6
    		Inhibitor 99.7%
    Tolfenamic acid-13C6 is the 13C6 labeled Tolfenamic acid. Tolfenamic Acid (GEA 6414) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent, selectively inhibits COX-2, with an IC50 of 13.49 μM (3.53 μg/mL) in LPS-treated (COX-2) canine DH82 monocyte/macrophage cells, but shows no effect on COX-1.
    Tolfenamic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0747R
    Oxypeucedanin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Oxypeucedanin (Standard) is a furanocoumarin derivative found in Angelica dahurica. Oxypeucedanin (Standard) is an orally active PI3K/AKT/NF-κB, MAPK, and ROS inhibitor. Oxypeucedanin (Standard) induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Oxypeucedanin (Standard) inhibits hKv1.5 channel currents (IC50: 76 nM). Oxypeucedanin (Standard) exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiarrhythmic activities.
    Oxypeucedanin (Standard)
  • HY-14931
    Naproxcinod
    		Inhibitor
    Naproxcinod (Nitronaproxen) is the first in class of cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibiting nitric oxide donators (CINODs). Naproxcinod shows analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, it can be used for the research of osteoarthritis and inflammation.
    Naproxcinod
  • HY-B0574S
    Mefenamic acid-d4
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Mefenamic acid-d4 is a deuterium labeled Mefenamic acid. Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, acting as a competitive inhibitor of hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, with IC50s of 40 nM and 3 μM for hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, respectively.
    Mefenamic acid-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-131260
    Ibuprofen Impurity K
    		Inhibitor
    Ibuprofen Impurity K is an Ibuprofen impurity. Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory inhibitor targeting COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 13 μM and 370 μM, respectively.
    Ibuprofen Impurity K
  • HY-66005S3
    Acetaminophen-13C6
    		Inhibitor
    Acetaminophen-13C6 (Paracetamol-13C6) is the 13C-labeled Acetaminophen. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 25.8 μM; is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic agent. Acetaminophen is a potent hepatic N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) inhibitor.
    Acetaminophen-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-B0440S
    Tenoxicam-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Tenoxicam-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tenoxicam. Tenoxicam (Ro-12-0068), an antiinflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties.
    Tenoxicam-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N4314R
    Scutellarein tetramethyl ether (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Scutellarein tetramethyl ether (Standard) is the analytical standard of Scutellarein tetramethyl ether. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Scutellarein tetramethyl ether (4',5,6,7-Tetramethoxyflavone) is a bioactive compound extracted from Eupatorium odoratum. Scutellarein tetramethyl ether exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, pro-coagulant, and anti-tumor activities. Scutellarein tetramethyl ether exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the NF-κB pathway and regulates bacterial resistance through the inhibition of efflux pumps. Additionally, Scutellarein tetramethyl ether accelerates coagulation time via the endogenous coagulation pathway. Studies have shown that Scutellarein tetramethyl ether can effectively inhibit the growth of the liver cancer cell line HepG2 (IC50= 20.08 μg/mL).
    Scutellarein tetramethyl ether (Standard)
  • HY-162385
    COX-2-IN-42
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-42 (Compound T1) is a COX-2 inhibitor, and protects zebrafish against PTZ-induced neuronal damage.
    COX-2-IN-42
  • HY-B0230A
    Thiazolinobutazone
    		Inhibitor
    Thiazolinobutazone is a COX inhibitor. Thiazolinobutazone has less toxic than Phenylbutazone (HY-B0230). Thiazolinobutazone can be used in the study of immunological diseases.
    Thiazolinobutazone
  • HY-N4044
    Hirsutanonol
    		Inhibitor
    Hirsutanonol ((5S)-Hirsutanonol) is a diarylheptanoid that can be isolated from the bark of Alnus hirsute var. sibirica. Hirsutanonol inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Hirsutanonol has anti-filarial with an IC50 value of 44.11 μg/mL for microfilariae.
    Hirsutanonol
  • HY-17372S
    Rofecoxib-d5
    		Inhibitor
    Rofecoxib-d5 is the deuterium labeled Rofecoxib. Rofecoxib is a potent, specific and orally active COX-2 inhibitor, with IC50s of 26 and 18 nM for human COX-2 in human osteosarcoma cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells, with a 1000-fold selectivity for COX-2 over human COX-1 (IC50 > 50 μM in U937 cells and > 15 μM in Chinese hamster ovary cells).
    Rofecoxib-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-B0905AR
    Tilmicosin phosphate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Tilmicosin (phosphate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tilmicosin (phosphate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tilmicosin (LY-177370) phosphate is an orally active calcium channel antagonist and macrolide antibiotic with antimicrobial activity. Tilmicosin phosphate mainly acts on the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Tilmicosin phosphate is effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases in livestock such as cattle, sheep and pigs. In addition, Tilmicosin phosphate has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3][4][5][6].
    Tilmicosin phosphate (Standard)
  • HY-152120
    (±)-Aiphanol
    		Inhibitor
    (±)-Aiphanol is a newly discovered stilbenolignan analog. (±)-Aiphanol exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity, acting through inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2. The inhibitory effect on COX-1 (IC50 = 1.9 μM) is particularly strong, while the effect on COX-2 (IC50= 9.9 μM) is relatively weak.(±)-Aiphanol effectively inhibits VEGFR2 (IC50=0.92 μM). (±)-Aiphanol blocks angiogenesis and promotes apoptosis through inhibition of VEGFR2 and COX2 activity. (±)-Aiphanol is orally active.
    (±)-Aiphanol
  • HY-105579
    Isonixin
    		Inhibitor
    Isonixin (Isonixine) is a non-steroidal compound. Isonixin can be used for the research of pain and inflammation.
    Isonixin
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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