2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-150551
    COX-2-IN-27
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-27 is a potent and selective COX-2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 13.22, 0.045, 1.67 µM for COX-1, COX-2, 15-LOX, respectively. COX-2-IN-27 shows anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-2-IN-27
  • HY-123639
    LM-4108
    		Inhibitor
    LM-4108 (N-(2-Phenylethyl)-indomethacin amide) is a selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.06 μM for purified human COX-2. LM-4108 shows anti-inflammatory activity and may be effective in prevention of cancer. Half-lives for the disappearance of 10 μM LM-4108 in rat, human, and mouse liver microsomes were 11 min, 21 min, and 51 min, respectively.
    LM-4108
  • HY-N7878
    Tectorigenin sodium sulfonate
    		Inhibitor
    Tectorigenin sodium sulfonate is the product of tectorigenin sulfonated with sulfuric acid and mixed with saturated salt water. Tectorigenin sodium sulfonate has high water-solubility and good antioxidant properties.
    Tectorigenin sodium sulfonate
  • HY-170621
    STAT1/3-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    STAT1/3-IN-1 (Compound 6k) is a STAT1/3 phosphorylation inhibitor. STAT1/3-IN-1 inhibits the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1/3. STAT1/3-IN-1 also inhibits inflammatory enzymes iNOS and COX-2. STAT1/3-IN-1 demonstrates anti-inflammatory effect (reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) without significant cytotoxicity.
    STAT1/3-IN-1
  • HY-W322573
    (R)-Ketoprofen
    		Inhibitor
    (R)-Ketoprofen is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic properties. (R)-Ketoprofen does not significantly amplify the increase of inflammatory cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1)) induced by LPS, but it can inhibit the anti-inflammatory activity of (S)-Ketoprofen.
    (R)-Ketoprofen
  • HY-B0808S1
    Oxaprozin-d5
    		Inhibitor
    Oxaprozin-d5 is deuterium labeled Oxaprozin. Oxaprozin is an inhibitor of both COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 2.2 μM and 36 μM for human platelet COX-1 and IL-1-stimulated human synovial cell COX-2, respectively. Oxaprozin also inhibits the activation of NF-κB.
    Oxaprozin-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-N0889R
    Ginkgetin (Standard)
    Ginkgetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ginkgetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ginkgetin, a biflavone, is isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves. Ginkgetin exhibit anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-fungal activities. Ginkgetin is also a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling, with an IC50 of 5.92 μΜ.
    Ginkgetin (Standard)
  • HY-N0898AR
    (-)-Catechin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    (-)-Catechin (Standard) is the analytical standard of (-)-Catechin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (-)-Catechin is Catechin's one kind of different structure. Catechin inhibitory enzyme-1 (COX-1), IC50 为 1.4 μM. (-)-Catechin promotes hBM-MSC adipose cell differentiation, increases fat cell differentiation, and PPARγ level.
    (-)-Catechin (Standard)
  • HY-108162A
    Ataquimast
    		Inhibitor
    Ataquimast is a COX-2 inhibitor that inhibits the release of leukotrienes, TNF-α and GM-CSF. Ataquimast can be used in the study of advanced receptor-positive breast cancer.
    Ataquimast
  • HY-172790
    Cbz-(S,S)-Pro-Pro-allyl
    		Inhibitor
    Cbz-(S,S)-Pro-Pro-allyl (compound 1a) is a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase with IC50 values of 0.146 nM, 0.003 nM, 0.64 nM for COX-1, COX-2, 5-LOX, respectively. Cbz-(S,S)-Pro-Pro-allyl has anti-inflammatory activity.
    Cbz-(S,S)-Pro-Pro-allyl
  • HY-115936
    COX-2-IN-9
    COX-2-IN-9 (compound 7a) is a potent, selective, and orally active inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 of 10.17 uM. COX-2-IN-9 has higher COX-2 selectivity than Celecoxib. COX-2-IN-9 shows good in vivo anti-inflammatory and low ulcerogenic activity.
    COX-2-IN-9
  • HY-116947
    COX-2-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-5 (compound 11a) is a potent COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.65 µM. COX-2-IN-5 has the potential for the research of inflammation.
    COX-2-IN-5
  • HY-124428
    ASP6537
    ASP6537 is a potent and selective rhCOX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.703 nM. ASP6537 has the potential for cardiovascular disease research.
    ASP6537
  • HY-N1380S4
    Guaiacol-d4-1
    Guaiacol-d4-1 is the deuterium labeled Guaiacol. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
    Guaiacol-d<sub>4</sub>-1
  • HY-B1227S1
    Carprofen-13C,d3
    Carprofen-13C,d3 is the deuterium and 13C labeled Carprofen. Carprofen is a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a multi-target FAAH/COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 3.9 μM, 22.3 μM and 78.6 μM for COX-2, COX-1 and FAAH, respectively.
    Carprofen-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-146295
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-2
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-2 (5b) is a potent and dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. COX-2/5-LOX-IN-2 is a benzothiophen-2-yl pyrazole carboxylic acid derivative. COX-2/5-LOX-IN-2 shows the most potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities surpassing that of Celecoxib and Indomethacin. COX-2/5-LOX-IN-2 shows potent COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitory activity with IC50s of 5.40, 0.01 and 1.78 μM, respectively.
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-2
  • HY-119018
    AHR-6293
    		Inhibitor
    AHR-6293 is an orally effective and potent anti-inflammatory agent. AHR-6293 has a better anti-inflammatory effect than AHR-5850, but does not have the activity of inhibiting platelet aggregation.
    AHR-6293
  • HY-N0041R
    Ginsenoside Rb3 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ginsenoside Rb3 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ginsenoside Rb3. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ginsenoside Rb3 is extracted from steamed Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Ginsenoside Rb3 exhibits inhibitory effect on TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 8.2 μM in 293T cell lines. Ginsenoside Rb3 also inhibits the induction of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA.
    Ginsenoside Rb3 (Standard)
  • HY-147748
    COX-2-IN-17
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-17 (compound 10) is a potent and BBB-penetrated COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.02 μM. COX-2-IN-17 shows anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. COX-2-IN-17 attenuates hyperalgesia in the neurogenic phase as well as the inflammatory phase.
    COX-2-IN-17
  • HY-N0001S
    (±)-Epicatechin-13C3
    (±)-Epicatechin-13C3 is the 13C labeled (±)-Epicatechin. (-)-Epicatechin (HY-N0001) inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.
    (±)-Epicatechin-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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