2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-100578
    AGK2
    		Inducer 99.62%
    AGK2 is a selective SIRT2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.5 μM. AGK2 inhibits SIRT1 and SIRT3 with IC50s of 30 and 91 μM, respectively.
    AGK2
  • HY-153346
    Elironrasib
    		Inducer 99.65%
    Elironrasib is an orally active and covalent inhibitor of KRASG12C(ON). Elironrasib forms a tri-complex within tumor cells between KRASG12C(ON) and cyclophilin A (CypA). Thus, Elironrasib prevents KRASG12C(ON) from signaling via steric blockade of RAS effector binding. Elironrasib inhibits ERK signaling and induced apoptosis in KRASG12C-mutant H358 cells. Elironrasib also inhibits the proliferation of KRASG12C mutant cells with a median IC50 of 0.11 nM.
    Elironrasib
  • HY-15887
    MG 149
    		Inducer 99.24%
    MG149 (Tip60 HAT inhibitor) is a selective and potent Tip60 inhibitor with IC50 of 74 uM, similar potentcy for MOF (IC50= 47 uM); little potent for PCAF and p300 (IC50 >200 uM).
    MG 149
  • HY-13264
    Degrasyn
    		Inducer 99.70%
    Degrasyn (WP1130) is a cell-permeable deubiquitinase (DUB) inhibitor, directly inhibiting DUB activity of USP9x, USP5, USP14, and UCH37. Degrasyn has been shown to downregulate the antiapoptotic proteins Bcr-Abl and JAK2.
    Degrasyn
  • HY-N0120A
    Polydatin
    		Inducer 99.47%
    Polydatin (Piceid), extracted from the roots of Reynoutria japonica, a widely used traditional Chinese remedies, possesses anti-inflammatory activity in several experimental models. Polydatin (Piceid) inhibits G6PD and induces oxidative and ER stresses.
    Polydatin
  • HY-W017770
    S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate
    		Inducer 98.53%
    S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (Ademetionine) disulfate tosylate is the disulfate tosylate form of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (HY-B0617). S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate is an orally active methyl group donor. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate is a dietary supplement with potent antidepressant effects. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate also has anti‑proliferative, pro‑apoptotic and anti‑metastatic roles in cancers. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate has the potential for, cancer, liver disease and osteoarthritis research.
    S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate
  • HY-10008
    SNS-032
    		Inducer 99.54%
    SNS-032 (BMS-387032) is a potent and selective inhibitor of CDK2, CDK7, and CDK9 with IC50s of 38 nM, 62 nM and 4 nM, respectively. SNS-032 has antitumor effect.
    SNS-032
  • HY-112780
    UC2288
    		Inducer 99.92%
    UC2288 is a potent and orally active p21 attenuator (relatively selective activity for p21), which is synthesized based Sorafenib (HY-10201). UC2288 potently inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis. UC2288 has no inhibition of VEGFR2 and Raf kinases even at 10 μM.
    UC2288
  • HY-N0124
    Dioscin
    		Inducer 99.95%
    Dioscin (CCRIS 4123; Collettiside III) is a natural plant-derived steroidal saponin that has good anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. Dioscin causes DNA damage and induces apoptosis in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dioscin regulates ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial signaling pathways, exerting anticancer activity.
    Dioscin
  • HY-W013372
    7,8-Dihydroxyflavone
    		Inducer 99.90%
    7,8-Dihydroxyflavone is a potent and selective TrkB agonist that mimics the physiological actions of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Displays therapeutic efficacy toward various neurological diseases.
    7,8-Dihydroxyflavone
  • HY-17353
    BIBR 1532
    		Inducer 99.85%
    BIBR 1532 is a potent, selective and non-competitive telomerase inhibitor with IC50 of 100 nM in a cell-free assay.
    BIBR 1532
  • HY-N0292
    Oleuropein
    		Inducer 99.05%
    Oleuropein, found in olive leaves and oil, exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects through direct inhibition of PPARγ transcriptional activity. Oleuropein induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells via the p53-dependent pathway and through the regulation of Bax and Bcl2 genes. Oleuropein also inhibits aromatase.
    Oleuropein
  • HY-17408
    Mevastatin
    		Inducer 99.46%
    Mevastatin (Compactin) is a first HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that belongs to the statins class. Mevastatin is a lipid-lowering agent, and induces apoptosis, arrests cancer cells in G0/G1 phase. Mevastatin also increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA and protein levels. Mevastatin has antitumor activity and has the potential for cardiovascular diseases treatment.
    Mevastatin
  • HY-134964
    CTB
    		Inducer 99.93%
    CTB is a potent p300 histone acetyltransferase activator. CTB can effectively induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.
    CTB
  • HY-153274
    CWI1-2
    		Inducer 98.18%
    CWI1-2 is an IGF2BP2 inhibitor that binds IGF2BP2 and inhibits its interaction with m6A-modified target transcripts, induces apoptosis and differentiation, and shows promising anti-leukemic effects.
    CWI1-2
  • HY-17439
    Salinomycin sodium salt
    		Inducer 99.81%
    Salinomycin sodium salt (Salinomycin sodium), an antibiotic potassium ionophore, is a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Salinomycin sodium salt acts on the Wnt/Fzd/LRP complex, blocks Wnt-induced LRP6 phosphorylation, and causes degradation of the LRP6 protein. Salinomycin sodium salt shows selective activity against human cancer stem cells.
    Salinomycin sodium salt
  • HY-10260
    Vandetanib
    		Inducer 99.95%
    Vandetanib (D6474) is a potent, orally active inhibitor of VEGFR2/KDR tyrosine kinase activity (IC50=40 nM). Vandetanib also has activity versus the tyrosine kinase activity of VEGFR3/FLT4 (IC50=110 nM) and EGFR/HER1 (IC50=500 nM).
    Vandetanib
  • HY-19609
    Calicheamicin
    		Inducer 98.28%
    Calicheamicin, an antitumor antibiotic, is a cytotoxic agent that causes double-strand DNA breaks. Calicheamicin is a DNA synthesis inhibitor. Calicheamicin is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    Calicheamicin
  • HY-15253
    Tiplaxtinin
    		Inducer 99.03%
    Tiplaxtinin is a selective and orally efficacious inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with IC50 of 2.7 μM.
    Tiplaxtinin
  • HY-100675
    JTE-013
    		Inducer 99.92%
    JTE-013 is a potent and specific S1P2 (Sphingosine-1-Phosphate 2; EDG-5) antagonist. JTE-013 inhibits the specific binding of radiolabeled S1P to human and rat S1P2 with IC50s of 17 nM and 22 nM, respectively.
    JTE-013
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity