2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-121423R
    Dimethachlor (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Dimethachlor (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dimethachlor. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dimethachlor, a synthetic herbicide, inhibits the undesirable growth of weeds via the suppression of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis. Dimethachlor disrupts normal developmental processes via the induction of apoptosis and ROS production.
    Dimethachlor (Standard)
  • HY-B2130S2
    Uric acid-13C5
    Uric acid-13C5 is the 13C-labeled Uric acid (HY-B2130). Radioactive isotopes labeled compounds can be used in metabolic analysis, allowing the movement of individual atoms to be precisely tracked and quantified.
    Uric acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-12853R
    Mesotrione (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Mesotrione (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mesotrione. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mesotrione is a herbicide belongs to the benzoylcyclohexanedione family. Mesotrione is a potent and competitive and reversible inhibitor of HPPD enzyme. Mesotrione is selective to maize due to rapid metabolism and relative high tolerance by the susceptible crop plant.
    Mesotrione (Standard)
  • HY-156468
    Antioxidant agent-17
    		Inhibitor
    Antioxidant agent-17 (compound 59) is a potent inhibitor of superoxide anion generation activity, with an IC50 of 9.06 nM.
    Antioxidant agent-17
  • HY-118642
    D-Ribose-L-cysteine
    D-Ribose-L-cysteine ​​is an orally active cysteine ​​analog. D-Ribose-L-cysteine ​​improves cellular antioxidant capacity by enhancing intracellular glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis. In addition, D-Ribose-L-cysteine ​​has a memory-enhancing effect and can reverse Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced memory impairment by inhibiting oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. D-Ribose-L-cysteine ​​can be used in the study of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.
    D-Ribose-L-cysteine
  • HY-126474S
    MitoB-d15 bromide
    MitoB-d15 (bromide) is deuterium labeled MitoB (bromide). MitoB bromide is an exomarker of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide. MitoB bromide is a mitochondria-targeted ratiometric probe, and can be used to measure levels of one major ROS, hydrogen peroxide, within living animals.
    MitoB-d<sub>15</sub> bromide
  • HY-B0183R
    Ellagic acid (Standard)
    Ellagic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ellagic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ellagic acid is a natural antioxidant, and acts as a potent and ATP-competitive inhibitor of CK2 and SHP2, with an IC50 of 40 nM and a Ki of 20 nM.
    Ellagic acid (Standard)
  • HY-W002016R
    Phthalazine (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Phthalazine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phthalazine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phthalazine is a substrate for human aldehyde oxidase 1, which can lead to the production of ROS and subsequent enzyme inactivation.
    Phthalazine (Standard)
  • HY-B2127R
    Azobenzene (Standard)
    Azobenzene (Standard) is the analytical standard of Azobenzene. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Azobenzene can be used as an optical trigger for the design and synthesis of a large variety of photoresponsive systems.
    Azobenzene (Standard)
  • HY-N1412R
    1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Standard)
    1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity.
    1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0757
    Vitamin E nicotinate
    		Inhibitor
    Vitamin E nicotinate is the derivative of Vitamin E. Vitamin E nicotinate exhibits antioxidant activity and prevents lipid peroxidation. Vitamin E nicotinate upregulates levels of CD4+ T cells and IL-2, exhibits immunomodulatory activity. Vitamin E nicotinate exhibits antiplatelet and antihypertensive activities, that can be used in atherosclerosis and thrombosis ressearch.
    Vitamin E nicotinate
  • HY-170527
    Anticancer agent 260
    Anticancer agent 260 (Compound 3g/4d) is an orally active anticancer agent, that inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell HCT-116, MIA-PaCa2 and MDA-MB231 with IC50s of 98.7, 81.0, and 77.2 µg/mL, respectively. Anticancer agent 260 exhibits promotes ulcer formation and lipid peroxidation, anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacy.
    Anticancer agent 260
  • HY-173238
    Antibacterial agent 273
    		Inducer
    Antibacterial Agent 273 (Compound 15e) is a membrane-targeting antimicrobial agent that disrupts bacterial cell membranes, exhibiting a MIC of 4 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. By compromising membrane integrity, it induces leakage of intracellular nucleic acids and proteins, suppresses bacterial metabolic activity, and triggers the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antibacterial Agent 273 is suitable for research on infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
    Antibacterial agent 273
  • HY-124496
    Piperitenone
    		Inhibitor
    Piperitenone is a terpenoid, and exhibits antioxidant activity. Piperitenone scavenges DPPH free radicals with an IC50 of 22.7 μg/mL, and inhibits the peroxidation of linoleic acid.
    Piperitenone
  • HY-N0721R
    Neoandrographolide (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Neoandrographolide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Neoandrographolide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Neoandrographolide is a diterpenoid compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata. Neoandrographolide inhibits osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption through inhibition of MAPK/NF-κB/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/PPAR/CAMK signaling pathway. Neoandrographolide inhibits apoptosis in rat embryonic ventricular cardiomyocytes. Neoandrographolide inhibits iNOS and the generation of ROS, activates eNOS, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activity.
    Neoandrographolide (Standard)
  • HY-N3460R
    Isorhoifolin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Isorhoifolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isorhoifolin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isorhoifolin is a flavonoid glycoside from Hemistepta lyrata. Isorhoifolin displays an anti-leakage effect.
    Isorhoifolin (Standard)
  • HY-N8253S
    Quercetin 4'-Glucoside-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Quercetin 4'-Glucoside-d3 (Spiraeoside-d3) is deuterium labeled Spiraeoside. Spiraeoside, an orally active natural compound, exerts antioxidant activity, inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde production. Spiraeoside possesses antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.
    Quercetin 4'-Glucoside-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-14771S
    Imeglimin-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Imeglimin-d3 (EMD 387008-d3) is deuterium labeled Imeglimin. Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves mitochondrial function.
    Imeglimin-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-168957
    RuDiOBn
    		Inhibitor
    RuDiOBn scanvages DPPH and ABTS free radicals (13.2% and 5.9% clearance at 100 μg/mL), exhibits low antioxidant activity. RuDiOBn inhibits the collagen glycation, reduces the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with an IC50 of 2.45 μg/mL. RuDiOBn enhances the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, stimulates the synthesis of collagen, promoting the skin repair and regeneration. RuDiOBn also inhibits collagenase.
    RuDiOBn
  • HY-168844
    Antibacterial agent 259
    		Inducer
    Antibacterial agent 259 (K3) is a bactericide, with EC50 values ​​of 1.5, 1.7 and 4.9 mg/L for Xoo, Xoc and Xac, respectively. Antibacterial agent 259 can induce pathogens to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to their death. Antibacterial agent 259 can be used in the prevention and control of plant bacterial diseases.
    Antibacterial agent 259
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity