2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Related Products

PDF 4.04 MB

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0688S1
    Dapsone-d4
    Dapsone-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dapsone. Dapsone (4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone) is an orally active and blood-brain penetrant sulfonamide antibiotic with bacteriostatic, antimycobacterial and antiprotozoal activities. Dapsone?exerts effective antileprosy activity?and inhibits folate synthesis in cell extracts of?M. leprae. Dapsone is used for dermatologic disorder research, including leprosy, dermatitis herpetiformis, acne vulgaris et al.
    Dapsone-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-122379
    8-Hydroxypinoresinol
    8-Hydroxypinoresinol is a tetrahydrofurofuran lignan that has cytoprotective effects against peroxynitrite-induced LLC-PK1 cell damage.
    8-Hydroxypinoresinol
  • HY-N3071
    Picrasidine I
    		Inhibitor
    Picrasidine I is an anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenic dimeric alkaloid that can be isolated from Picrasma quassioides. Picrasidine I inducs cell cycle arrest, and triggers cell apoptosis by downregulats ERK and Akt pathways. Picrasidine I inhibits the activation of MAPKs, NF-κB and ROS generation, and suppresses the expression of c-Fos and NFATc1.
    Picrasidine I
  • HY-123454
    SKF1
    		Activator
    SKF1 is a FK506 suppressor, causes a mitochondrially induced death in low salt, concomitant with the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
    SKF1
  • HY-N16418
    Epanorin
    		Inhibitor
    Epanorin is a secondary metabolite of the Acarospora lichenic species Epanorin can inhibit cancer cells proliferation, ROS production and induce G0/G1 phase arrest. Epanorin shows antibacterial activity. Epanorin can be used for the researches of cancer and infection, such as breast cancer and S. pneumonia infection.
    Epanorin
  • HY-161783
    HDAC6-IN-45
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC6-IN-45 (Compound 15) is a selective inhibitor for HDAC6 with IC50 of 15.2 nM. HDAC6-IN-45 exhibits neurotrophic through the upregulation of GAP43 and Beta-3 tubulin markers. HDAC6-IN-45 activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway, reduces H2O2-induced ROS production, inhibits apoptosis in PC12, and exhibits neuroprotective efficacy in SCOP-induced zebrafish Alzheimer's Disease models. HDAC6-IN-45 exhibits antioxidant activity and good blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability.
    HDAC6-IN-45
  • HY-N6953R
    Garcinone D (Standard)
    		Activator
    Garcinone D (Standard) is the analytical standard of Garcinone D (HY-N6953). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Garcinone D is an activator of the STAT3/Cyclin D1 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, and an inhibitor of CDK2/CyclinE1 (IC50 for CDK2/CyclinE1 is 28.23 μM). Garcinone D promotes neural stem cell proliferation by activating STAT3 phosphorylation and Cyclin D1 expression and enhancing the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In addition, Garcinone D blocks the tumor cell cycle by inhibiting CDK2/CyclinE1. Garcinone D can promote the proliferation of C17.2 neural stem cells and inhibit prostate and breast cancer.
    Garcinone D (Standard)
  • HY-173228
    Anticancer agent 269
    		Activator
    Anticancer agent 269 (Compound 11c) is an orally active caspase-3 activator that promotes ROS generation by activating caspase-3, induces cancer cell apoptosis (Apoptosis), and exhibits significant anticancer activity. It can be used for research in the field of cancer.
    Anticancer agent 269
  • HY-159897
    PAK4-IN-5
    		Inducer
    PAK4-IN-5 (Compound 12i) is a PAK4 inhibitor (IC50: 7.68 nM for PAK4, 1872.01 nM for PAK1). PAK4-IN-5 binds to PAK4 stably via multiple interactions. PAK4-IN-5 inhibits the proliferation and the migratory potential of MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of PAK4 and LIMK1. PAK4-IN-5 arrests cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, induces apoptosis and ROS production. LD50: >500 mg/kg for mice (p.o.).
    PAK4-IN-5
  • HY-176284
    OXPHOS-IN-2
    		Activator
    OXPHOS-IN-2 is an orally active OXPHOS inhibitor. OXPHOS-IN-2 exhibits potent inhibitory activity in PC9 (IC50 = 12.3 nM) and Bxpc-3 cells (IC50 = 250 nM in glucose medium, IC50 = 17.5 nM in galactose medium). OXPHOS-IN-2 decreases the NADH/NAD+ ratio and reduces ATP levels. OXPHOS-IN-2 induces tumor cells apoptosis by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downregulating the level of Nrf2. OXPHOS-IN-2 can be used for research on cancer such as non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer.
    OXPHOS-IN-2
  • HY-170540
    NOX4-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    NOX4-IN-1 (Compound 14m) is the inhibitor for NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), and blocks the generation of ROS. NOX4-IN-1 inhibits TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, decreases the expression of fibrosis-related proteins. NOX4-IN-1 inhibits the cell migration of NRK-49F.
    NOX4-IN-1
  • HY-170658
    AChE-IN-80
    		Inhibitor
    AChE-IN-80 (Compound 1) is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. AChE-IN-80 can inhibit inflammation and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro- cultured neurons and microglia, trigger autophagy responses, and block the propagation of β-amyloid (Aβ) fibrils. AChE-IN-80 possesses antioxidant activity and neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease.
    AChE-IN-80
  • HY-N0733S2
    Glucosamine-13C,15N hydrochloride
    Glucosamine-13C,15N (hydrochloride) is the 13C and 15N labeled Glucosamine hydrochloride. Glucosamine hydrochloride (D-Glucosamine hydrochloride) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids, i
    Glucosamine-<sup>13</sup>C,<sup>15</sup>N hydrochloride
  • HY-N0089R
    Schisandrin B (Standard)
    Schisandrin B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Schisandrin B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Schisandrin B (γ-Schisandrin) is a biphenylcyclooctadiene derivative isolated from Schisandra chinensis and has been shown to have antioxidant effects on the liver and heart of rodents.
    Schisandrin B (Standard)
  • HY-B0166S2
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C-1
    		99.90%
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C-1 is the 13C labeled L-Ascorbic acid. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen
    L-Ascorbic acid-<sup>13</sup>C-1
  • HY-179050
    Androgen receptor-IN-7
    		Inducer
    Androgen receptor-IN-7 is a potent androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor with binding affinity of -9.0 kcal/mol. Androgen receptor-IN-7 exhibits potent anticancer activity against PC-3 cells (IC50 =370.37 nM) and LNCaP cells via both AR-dependent and AR-independent pathways. Androgen receptor-IN-7 induces ROS production in PC-3 cells. Androgen receptor-IN-7 can be used for prostate cancer research.
    Androgen receptor-IN-7
  • HY-139252
    Anticancer agent 225
    		Inducer
    Anticancer agent 225 (Comp 51) is a triterpenoic acids analogue which exhibits suppressive effect on elimination of different type of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and increase the ROS level of CSCs. Anticancer agent 225 can be used for cancer research.
    Anticancer agent 225
  • HY-168717
    HK-2-IN-2
    HK2-IN-2 (Compound 26) is a Hexokinase 2 inhibitor that demonstrates significant anti-tumor activity by targeting microtubules and Hexokinase 2, with an IC50 value of 0.764 μM against MD-MBA-231 cells. HK2-IN-2 effectively inhibits the activity of Hexokinase 2, leading to the accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and dysfunction of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), thereby promoting apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle.
    HK-2-IN-2
  • HY-175039
    FAK-IN-28
    		Agonist
    FAK-IN-28 is an orally active FAK inhibitor (IC50 = 0.4 nM). FAK-IN-28 exhibits dual antiproliferative and anti-metastatic properties. FAK-IN-28 triggers caspase-3-dependent apoptosis via ROS elevation. FAK-IN-28 inhibits tumor growth without causing weight loss or hepatotoxicity. FAK-IN-28 is useful in the study of FAK-driven malignancies, such as colon cancer, cervical cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, and melanoma.
    FAK-IN-28
  • HY-100006B
    MRT68921 hydrochloride
    		Inducer
    MRT68921 hydrochloride is a potent NUAK1/ULK1 dual inhibitor. MRT68921 hydrochloride inhibits ULK1 and ULK2 with IC50 values of 2.9 nM and 1.1 nM, respectively. MRT68921 hydrochloride can block cells autophagy and kill tumor cells by breaking the balance of oxidative stress signals. MRT68921 hydrochloride can inhibit cell proliferation and induce ROS production and apoptosis. MRT68921 hydrochloride can be used for the research of cancer, such as breast cancer.
    MRT68921 hydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity