2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-173350
    Ran-IN-1
    		Inducer
    Ran-IN-1 (Compound M36) is an orally active and selective Ran GTPase inhibitor. Ran-IN-1 binds to the GDP-bound form of Ran (RanGDP) at the allosteric switch II pocket with high specificity, stabilizing the inactive state and reducing the active Ran-GTP population. Ran-IN-1 induces apoptosis and represses DNA repair pathways like HR and NHEJ in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells. Ran-IN-1 is promising for research of EOC, particularly high-grade serous carcinoma.
    Ran-IN-1
  • HY-N0587R
    Demethylzeylasteral (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Demethylzeylasteral (Standard) is the analytical standard of Demethylzeylasteral. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Demethylzeylasteral is an orally active triterpenoid compound isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii, which has functions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti fertility, estrogen metabolism regulation, immune suppression, and immune system regulation .
    Demethylzeylasteral (Standard)
  • HY-B0028R
    Fludarabine (phosphate) (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Fludarabine (phosphate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fludarabine (phosphate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fludarabine (phosphate) is an analogue of adenosine and deoxyadenosine, which is able to compete with dATP for incorporation into DNA and inhibit DNA synthesis.
    Fludarabine (phosphate) (Standard)
  • HY-163406
    PDE1-IN-6
    		Inducer
    PDE1-IN-6 (compound 6c) is a selectivity PDE1 inhibitor with the IC50 of 7.5 nM. PDE1-IN-6 significantly inhibits the proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in Acute myelogenous leukemia cells.
    PDE1-IN-6
  • HY-157324
    EGFR-IN-94
    		Inducer
    EGFR-IN-94 (compound 5a) is a EGFR inhibitor with IC50 of 0.086?μM, and also has IC50 of 0.107μM and 2.52 μM for VEGFR-2 and Topo II, respectively. EGFR-IN-94 induces cell apoptosis and arrests cell cycle at the S phase in HepG-2 cells .
    EGFR-IN-94
  • HY-163319
    NCA029
    		Inducer
    NCA029 is a potent and selective homo sapiens caseinolytic protease P (HsClpP) activator with an EC50 of 0.15 μM. NCA029 acts on HsClpP to activate an ATF3-dependent integrative stress response, leading to colon cancer cell death.
    NCA029
  • HY-159111
    KS124
    		Inducer
    KS124 (compound 3) is a potent ALDH inhibitor. KS124 shows inhibition for ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3, ALDH3A1. KS124 shows antiproliferative activity. KS124 induces apoptosis and ROS production.
    KS124
  • HY-161946
    GBM CSCs-IN-1
    		Inducer
    GBM CSCs-IN-1 (Compound (−)-20), a derivative of rocaglate, is a potent inhibitor of glioblastoma stem cells (GBM CSCs) with an EC50 of 45 nM, functioning by targeting the RNA helicase DDX3. Furthermore, GBM CSCs-IN-1 is also capable of inducing apoptosis.
    GBM CSCs-IN-1
  • HY-14608AR
    L-Glutamic acid (monosodium salt) (Standard)
    		Inducer
    L-Glutamic acid (monosodium salt) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamic acid (monosodium salt). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt can be used in the study of neurological diseases.
    L-Glutamic acid (monosodium salt) (Standard)
  • HY-143328
    PROTAC BRD4 Degrader-17
    		Inducer
    PROTAC BRD4 Degrader-17 (compound 13i) is a potent PROTAC BRD4 Degrader, with IC50 values of 29.54 nM (BRD4 (BD1)) and 3.82 nM (BRD4 (BD2)). PROTAC BRD4 Degrader-17 significantly attenuates G2/M progression associated Cyclin B1 expression. PROTAC BRD4 Degrader-17 significantly induces apoptosis in MV-4-11 cells.
    PROTAC BRD4 Degrader-17
  • HY-W040329S
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-13C10,15N5
    		Inducer
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-13C10,15N5 is 13C and 15N-labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine (HY-W040329). 2′-Deoxyadenosine is an adenine nucleoside that inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release. 2′-Deoxyadenosine inhibits glucose-stimulated increases seen in islet cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation. 2'-Deoxyadenosine activates caspase-3 and promotes apoptosis. 2'-Deoxyadenosine inhibits the activity of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH). 2'-Deoxyadenosine inhibits the growth of various cells. 2'-Deoxyadenosine has an anticancer effect on colon cancer.
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>10</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-107796
    Metamizole magnesium
    		Inducer
    Metamizole magnesium is an orally active cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. Metamizole magnesium can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. Metamizole magnesium has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Metamizole magnesium is an antipyretic, analgesic and spasmolytic agent.
    Metamizole magnesium
  • HY-151980
    Mps1-IN-5
    		Inducer
    Mps1-IN-5 is a potent and orally active Mps1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 29 nM. Mps1-IN-5 induces Apoptosis and cell cycle arrests at G2/M phase. Mps1-IN-5 shows antiproliferative activity and anti-tumor activity. Mps1-IN-5 inhibits phosphorylation of Mps1 and induces DNA damage.
    Mps1-IN-5
  • HY-N2447R
    Amarogentin (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Amarogentin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Amarogentin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Amarogentin is a secoiridoid glycoside that is mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots. Amarogentin exhibits many biological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin exerts hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Amarogentin promotes apoptosis, arrests G2/M cell cycle and downregulates of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathways. Amarogentin exerts beneficial vasculo-metabolic effect by activating AMPK.
    Amarogentin (Standard)
  • HY-N9534
    Xylopine
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    Xylopine is an aporphine alkaloid with cytotoxic activity on cancer cells. Xylopine induces oxidative stress, causes G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells.
    Xylopine
  • HY-149998
    Antimycobacterial agent-5
    		Inducer
    Antimycobacterial agent-5 (compound 27) is an imidazopyridine amide targeting mycobacterial electron transport chain (ETC) airway CIII2CIV2 supercomplexes. The IC50 value of Antimycobacterial agent-5 against Mycobacterium smegmatisCIII2CIV2 is 441 nM.
    Antimycobacterial agent-5
  • HY-169037
    Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinoquinone
    		Inducer
    Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinoquinone (HU-336) is a potent antiangiogenic agent. Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinoquinone inhibits angiogenesis by directly inducing apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells without changing the expression of pro- and antiangiogenic cytokines and receptors. Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinoquinone is highly effective against tumor xenografts in nude mice.
    Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinoquinone
  • HY-170925
    AChE-IN-81
    		Inhibitor
    AChE-IN-81 (compound 22) is a potent, irreversible and selective AChE inhibitor. AChE-IN-81 inhibits activity on AChE with inhibitory rates of 80.0%, with an IC50 of 3.7 μM. AChE-IN-81 binds to AChE with a binding affinity (Kd) of 5.37 μM. AChE-IN-81 effectively reduces in zebrafish brain cells. AChE-IN-81 exhibits potential neuroprotective activities on H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury model.
    AChE-IN-81
  • HY-150540
    Bcl-2-IN-10
    		Inducer
    Bcl-2-IN-10 is an active Bcl-2 inhibitor that can release up to four nitric oxide (NO) molecules. Bcl-2-IN-10 has cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, such as human leukemia, breast cancer and lung cancer. Bcl-2-IN-10 induces cell apopotosis and arrest cell cycle of G2/M phase, and can be used in cancer-related research.
    Bcl-2-IN-10
  • HY-155227
    ALK/EGFR-IN-1
    		Inducer
    ALK/EGFR-IN-1 (Compound 8l) is an ALK/EGFR dual inhibitor that blocks the phosphorylation of EGFR and ALK. ALK/EGFR-IN-1 inhibits ALK/EGFR mutants respectively, with IC50 of 4.3 nM for EGFR L858R T790M in H1975 cells and EML4-ALK in BaF3 cells, respectively. and 3.6 nM. ALK/EGFR-IN-1 may be used in NSCLC research.
    ALK/EGFR-IN-1
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity