2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Phospholipase

Phospholipase

Phospholipase

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Phospholipase is a member of a very complex group of enzymes that break down phospholipids into fatty acids and other compounds. Phospholipases are defined by the enzymatic reaction they catalyze. The classes are phospholipase A, which has members A1 and A2; phospholipase B, which can carry out the reactions of both A1 and A2; phospholipase C; and phospholipase D.

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyses the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids to yield fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Phospholipase C (PLC) converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG and IP3 each control diverse cellular processes and are also substrates for synthesis of other important signaling molecules. PLC is thus central to many important interlocking regulatory networks. Phospholipase D (PLD) is an essential enzyme responsible for the production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA), which is involved in fundamental cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell proliferation and cell survival.

Phospholipase Isoform Specific Products:

Phospholipase Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-19619R
    m-3M3FBS (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    m-3M3FBS (Standard) is the analytical standard of m-3M3FBS. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. m-3M3FBS is a potent phospholipase C (PLC) activator. m-3M3FBS stimulates superoxide generation in human neutrophils, upregulates intracellular calcium concentration, and stimulates inositol phosphate generation in various cell lines. m-3M3FBS induces monocytic leukemia cell apoptosis.
    m-3M3FBS (Standard)
  • HY-N14105
    Cinatrin C3
    		Inhibitor
    Cinatrin C3 is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 70 μM and can be extracted from Circinotrichum falcatisporum RF-641.
    Cinatrin C3
  • HY-120078
    AZD2716
    		Inhibitor
    AZD2716 is a selective sPLA2 (secretory phospholipase A2) inhibitor. AZD2716 significantly reduces the production of pro-inflammatory lipids by inhibiting sPLA2-IIa (IC50 = 10 nM), sPLA2-V (IC50 = 40 nM), and sPLA2-X (IC50 = 400 nM), thereby decreasing macrophage activation and foam cell formation. AZD2716 is promising for studying mechanisms related to atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases associated with sPLA2.
    AZD2716
  • HY-13402R
    Varespladib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Varespladib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Varespladib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Varespladib (LY315920) is a potent and selective group IIA, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 9 nM. Varespladib exhibits the significant inhibitory effect on sPLA2 activity in serum from various species including rat, rabbit, guinea pig and human with IC50s of 8.1 nM, 5.0 nM, 3.2 nM and 6.2 nM, respectively.
    Varespladib (Standard)
  • HY-N14103
    Cinatrin C1
    		Inhibitor
    Cinatrin C1 is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor that can be extracted from Circinotrichum falcatisporum RF-641.
    Cinatrin C1
  • HY-N8518R
    Malabaricone C (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Malabaricone C is an orally active and noncompetitive sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) inhibitor with IC50 values of 3 μM and 1.5 μM for SMS 1 and SMS 2, respectively. Malabaricone C reduces body weight gain, improves glucose tolerance, and decreases lipid accumulation in the liver, showing significant prevention of high fat diet-induced fatty liver in mice. Malabaricone C has anti-inflammatory effects, which is found in the fruits of Myristica cinnamomea King. Malabaricone C is promising for research of obesity and immunological disorders caused due to hyper-activation of T-cells.
    Malabaricone C (Standard)
  • HY-P10658
    ARF1 (2-17)
    		Inhibitor
    ARF1 (2-17) inhibits both ARF-independent (PLC-β) and ARF-dependent (PLD) pathways. ARF1 (2-17) inhibits GTP-γ-S-stimulated PLD activity, phospholipase C-β (PLC-β), and exocytosis.
    ARF1 (2-17)
  • HY-17569R
    Difluprednate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Difluprednate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Difluprednate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Difluprednate is a topical corticosteroid, which is thought to act by the induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins (lipocortins). Difluprednate is used for the symptomatic treatment of inflammation and pain associated with ocular surgery.
    Difluprednate (Standard)
  • HY-10521R
    Darapladib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Darapladib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Darapladib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Darapladib (SB-480848) is an orally active, selective and reversible Lp-PLA2 inhibitor (IC50=0.25 nM). Darapladib can trigger irreversible actions on glioma cell apoptosis and induce cycle arrest. Darapladib can be used in the study of atherosclerosis and cancer.
    Darapladib (Standard)
  • HY-119093R
    Halopemide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Halopemide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Halopemide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Halopemide is a potent phospholipase D (PLD) inhibitor, with IC50s of 220 and 310 nM for human PLD1 and PLD2, respectively. Halopemid is a dopamine receptors antagonist, and acts a psychotropic agent.
    Halopemide (Standard)
  • HY-N14101
    Cinatrin B
    		Inhibitor
    Cinatrin B has the activity of inhibiting phospholipase A2.
    Cinatrin B
  • HY-115855
    Ro 31-4639
    		Inhibitor
    Ro 31-4639 is a potent phospholipase A2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.5 μM.
    Ro 31-4639
  • HY-127110
    AK106-001616
    		Inhibitor
    AK106-001616 is a potent and selective inhibitor of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) (IC50=3.8 nmol/L). AK106-001616 is able to reduce the production of prostaglandins (PG) E2 and leukotrienes (LT) B4 by stimulated cells. AK106-001616 can be used in the study of inflammatory diseases, neuropathic pain and pulmonary fibrosis.
    AK106-001616
  • HY-N14292
    Hispidospermidin
    		Inhibitor
    Hispidospermidin is a phospholipase C inhibitor found in Chaetosphaeronema hispidulum.
    Hispidospermidin
  • HY-19151B
    Fuzapladib potassium
    		Inhibitor
    Fuzapladib (IS-741) potassium, an orally active leukocyte-function-associated antigen type 1 (LFA-1) activation inhibitor, is a leukocyte adhesion molecule. Fuzapladib potassium is also a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor. Fuzapladib potassium exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting leukocyte migration into the inflammatory site.
    Fuzapladib potassium
  • HY-117068
    (R)-Bromoenol lactone
    		Inhibitor
    (R)-Bromoenol lactone ((R)-BEL) is an irreversible, chiral, mechanism-based inhibitor of calcium-independent phospholipase γ (iPLA2γ). (R)-BEL inhibits human recombinant iPLA2γ with an IC50 of approximately 0.6 µM.
    (R)-Bromoenol lactone
  • HY-172567
    PLC thio-PIP2 trisodium
    		Substrate
    PLC thio-PIP2 trisodium is an analog of naturally occurring PIP2. PLC thio-PIP2 trisodium can simulate the process of PIP2 being hydrolyzed by PLC in in vitro experiments, and then quantitatively analyze the activity of PLC by detecting the free thiol produced by hydrolysis.
    PLC thio-PIP2 trisodium
  • HY-B0113S4
    Omeprazole-d3 sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Omeprazole-d3 sodium is deuterated labeled Omeprazole (HY-B0113). Omeprazole (H 16868), a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), is available for treatment of acid-related gastrointestinal disorders. Omeprazole shows competitive inhibition of CYP2C19 activity with a Ki of 2 to 6 μM. Omeprazole also inhibits growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Omeprazole is a potent brain penetrant neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) inhibitor (exosome inhibitor).
    Omeprazole-d<sub>3</sub> sodium
  • HY-131002A
    DPTIP hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    DPTIP hydrochloride is a potent brain penetrant neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (N-SMase 2) inhibitor (exosome inhibitor), with an IC50 of 30 nM.
    DPTIP hydrochloride
  • HY-117068S
    (R)-Bromoenol lactone-d7
    		Inhibitor
    (R)-Bromoenol lactone-d7 ((R,E)-Bromoenol lactone-d7) is deuterium labeled (R)-Bromoenol lactone. (R)-Bromoenol lactone ((R)-BEL) is an irreversible, chiral, mechanism-based inhibitor of calcium-independent phospholipase γ (iPLA2γ). (R)-BEL inhibits human recombinant iPLA2γ with an IC50 of approximately 0.6 μM.
    (R)-Bromoenol lactone-d<sub>7</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Phospholipase Isoform Comparison

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