2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

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Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an inflammatory cytokine-inducible rate-limiting enzyme of the tryptophan (Trp) catabolism, which is involved in the inhibition of intracellular pathogen replication as well as in immunomodulation. To date, three types of tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes have been identified: IDO1, IDO2 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2.

IDO is an intracellular enzyme that is constitutively expressed in several human and mouse cells. Being present in innate immune cells, such as Mos and dendritic cells (DCs), IDO catalyzes the initial rate-limiting step of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism, thus leading to the production of immunoregulatory catabolites (collectively known as kynurenines).

The IDO gene promoter contains multiple sequence elements that confer responsiveness to proinflammatory mediators, thereby demonstrating the strong correlation between inflammation and induced IDO expression.

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Specific Products:

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-144274
    IDO1-IN-14
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-14 (compound 4a) is a potent IDO1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 396.9 nM. IDO1-IN-14 has cellular IDO1 inhibition (HeLa EC50=3393 nM).
    IDO1-IN-14
  • HY-29268
    β-Carboline-1-carboxylic acid
    		Inhibitor
    β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid is a β-carboline alkaloid with anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antitumor and antibacterial activities. β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid is the cAMP phosphodiesterase (IC50: 96 µM) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor. β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid is cytotoxic to tumor cells. β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid inhibits inflammation through the NF-κb/p65 pathway and can reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid has strong inhibitory activity against S. aureus (IC50: 47.70 μg/mL) and E. coli (IC50: 19.17 μg/mL).
    β-Carboline-1-carboxylic acid
  • HY-W834359
    (±)-Longamide
    		Inhibitor
    (±)-Longamide is a polycyclic bioactive metabolite isolated from sponges that has several bromopyrrole fragments, as well as a weak inhibitor of IDO1.
    (±)-Longamide
  • HY-101560A
    Linrodostat mesylate
    		Inhibitor
    Linrodostat (BMS-986205) mesylate is a selective irreversible inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which effectively inhibits IDO1-HEK293 mesylate cells with an IC50 value of 1.1 nM. Linrodostat mesylate demonstrates good pharmacological activity in advanced cancer.
    Linrodostat mesylate
  • HY-15689R
    Epacadostat (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Epacadostat (Standard) is the analytical standard of Epacadostat. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Epacadostat (INCB 024360) is a potent and selective indoleamine 2,3-dioxigenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 71.8 nM.
    Epacadostat (Standard)
  • HY-170322
    human TDO2-IN-1
    human TDO2-IN-1 (Cpd-2) is a potent inhibitor of human TDO2, with the IC50 of 14.8 nM. human TDO2-IN-1 plays an important role in metabolism, inflammation, and tumor immune surveillance research.
    human TDO2-IN-1
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Comparison

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